[开发工具]如何修改Git某次commit提交的时间

1.修改最近一次提交的作者日期和提交者日期

如果要修改最近一次commit的作者日期和提交者日期，直接使用 git commit --amend即可

注:日期格式须为ISO-8601格式

GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2017-10-08T09:51:07" git commit --amend --date="2017-10-08T09:51:07"

2.修改某次提交的作者日期和提交者日期

如果要更改某次(可以是最近一次也可以是非最近一次)提交的作者日期和提交者日期，可以使用交互式rebase：

1. 执行git rebase -i COMMIT_SHA ， 此COMMIT_SHA为待修改日期的commit的前一个commit的commit sha

2. 在vi弹出交互信息中将待修改日期的commit前的pick修改为e

3. 执行日期修改命令 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2017-10-08T09:51:07" git commit --amend --date="2017-10-08T09:51:07"

4. 执行 git rebase --continue转到下一个commit

5. 重复此过程，直到修改所有提交。 通过git status可查看进展。

3.修改示例

当前git log提交信息如下

admin@DESKTOP-PC MINGW64 /e/TestProj/ModifyTimeTest (master)
$ git log --oneline
2fe64c4 (HEAD -> master) modify Readme.md 3
6b98331 modify Readme.md 2
98ddd80 modify Readme.md 1
fcfc064 add Readme.md

假设此时需要修改 6b98331 modify Readme.md 2这一commit的作者日期和提交者日期

修改步骤为:

1. 执行交互式变基命令 git rebase -i 98ddd80
2. 在弹出的vi编辑信息中，将 6b98331提交前的pick修改为e，随后执行 :wq 保存

e  6b98331 modify Readme.md 2      # 此处原为pick,将pick修改为e / edit
pick 2fe64c4 modify Readme.md 3

# Rebase 98ddd80..2fe64c4 onto 98ddd80 (2 commands)
#
# Commands:
# p, pick <commit> = use commit
# r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message
# e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending
# s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit
# f, fixup <commit> = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
# x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
# b, break = stop here (continue rebase later with 'git rebase --continue')
# d, drop <commit> = remove commit
# l, label <label> = label current HEAD with a name
# t, reset <label> = reset HEAD to a label
# m, merge [-C <commit> | -c <commit>] <label> [# <oneline>]
# .       create a merge commit using the original merge commit's
# .       message (or the oneline, if no original merge commit was
# .       specified). Use -c <commit> to reword the commit message.
#
# These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.
#
# If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
#
# However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.

3. 执行 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2021-10-22T15:10:07" git commit --amend --date="2021-10-22T15:10:07" 将作者日期和提交者日期均修改为2021-10-22T15:10:07。然后可选择在弹出的vi信息编辑窗中可修改提交日志，然后执行 :wq 保存

4. 然后执行 git rebase --continue转到下一个提交，直到保存所有修改。完成后再使用git log查看提交信息即可看到提交信息已被修改

上述示例的完整日志如下:

admin@DESKTOP-PC MINGW64 /e/TestProj/ModifyTimeTest (master)
$ git log --oneline
2fe64c4 (HEAD -> master) modify Readme.md 3
6b98331 modify Readme.md 2
98ddd80 modify Readme.md 1
fcfc064 add Readme.md

admin@DESKTOP-PC MINGW64 /e/TestProj/ModifyTimeTest (master)
$ git rebase -i 98ddd80
Stopped at 6b98331...  modify Readme.md 2
You can amend the commit now, with

  git commit --amend

Once you are satisfied with your changes, run

  git rebase --continue

admin@DESKTOP-PC MINGW64 /e/TestProj/ModifyTimeTest (master|REBASE 1/2)
$ GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2021-10-22T15:10:07" git commit --amend --date="2021-10-22T15:10:07"
[detached HEAD 137f41d] modify Readme.md 2
 Date: Fri Oct 22 15:10:07 2021 +0800
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+)

admin@DESKTOP-PC MINGW64 /e/TestProj/ModifyTimeTest (master|REBASE 1/2)
$ git status
interactive rebase in progress; onto 98ddd80
Last command done (1 command done):
   edit 6b98331 modify Readme.md 2
Next command to do (1 remaining command):
   pick 2fe64c4 modify Readme.md 3
  (use "git rebase --edit-todo" to view and edit)
You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch 'master' on '98ddd80'.
  (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
  (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)

nothing to commit, working tree clean

admin@DESKTOP-PC MINGW64 /e/TestProj/ModifyTimeTest (master|REBASE 1/2)
$ git rebase --continue
Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.

admin@DESKTOP-PC MINGW64 /e/TestProj/ModifyTimeTest (master)
$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean