[开发工具]git常用命令记录

1、git常用命令

#创建本地仓库
git init

#查看当前分支
git branch

#查看所有分支
git branch -a

#切换分支
git checkout 分支名

#创建并切换分支
git checkout -b 分支名

#删除分支
git branch -d 分支名

#查看修改
git status

#提交文件
git add XXX

#删除文件
git rm XXX

#提交暂存区到本地仓库
git commit -m "说明信息"

#推送到远程仓库
git push origin 分支名

#拉取最新代码
git pull

#合并分支(先切换到你要合并到的那个分支)
git merge 被合并的分支

2、协同开发时冲突的解决

先看下分支上的代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
	char data[100] = {0};
	int length = strlen(data);
	
	for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)
	{
		printf("%c", data[i]);
	}
	
	printf("\n");
	
	return 0;
}

A用户修改代码，并提交。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
	char data[100] = "my name is A";
	int length = strlen(data);
	
	for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)
	{
		printf("%c", data[i]);
	}
	
	printf("\n");
	
	return 0;
}

B用户修改代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
	char data[100] = "my name is B";
	int length = strlen(data);
	
	for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)
	{
		printf("%c", data[i]);
	}
	
	printf("\n");
	
	return 0;
}

当B用户git push时，就会出现冲突，下面是报错信息。

lng@DESKTOP-9TD21KL MINGW64 ~/Desktop/kaol/kaol (master)
$ git push origin master
To https://gitee.com/lingpe/kaol.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (fetch first)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://gitee.com/lingpe/kaol.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes
hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

接下来我们需要需要先拉取远程分支的代码

lng@DESKTOP-9TD21KL MINGW64 ~/Desktop/kaol/kaol (master)
$ git pull
remote: Enumerating objects: 5, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (5/5), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), 308 bytes | 51.00 KiB/s, done.
From https://gitee.com/lingpe/kaol
   1bb7c56..65d76a9  master     -> origin/master
Auto-merging main.cpp
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in main.cpp
Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.

接下来看下哪里产生了冲突

lng@DESKTOP-9TD21KL MINGW64 ~/Desktop/kaol/kaol (master|MERGING)
$ vim main.cpp

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
<<<<<<< HEAD
        char data[100] = "my name is B";
=======
        char data[100] = "my name is A";
>>>>>>> 65d76a9f8ffabbd5983b101ca2b02b31bc854fb8
        int length = strlen(data);

        for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)
        {
                printf("%c", data[i]);
        }

        printf("\n");

        return 0;
}

然后手动去解决冲突。先删除特殊符号，然后再根据需求保留或删除相应代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
        char data1[100] = "my name is B";
        char data2[100] = "my name is A";
        int length = strlen(data1);

        for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)
        {
                printf("%c", data1[i]);
        }

        printf("\n");

        return 0;
}

然后再重新提交

lng@DESKTOP-9TD21KL MINGW64 ~/Desktop/kaol/kaol (master|MERGING)
$ git add .

lng@DESKTOP-9TD21KL MINGW64 ~/Desktop/kaol/kaol (master|MERGING)
$ git commit -m "解决冲突"
[master 32ffcce] 解决冲突

lng@DESKTOP-9TD21KL MINGW64 ~/Desktop/kaol/kaol (master)
$ git push origin master
Enumerating objects: 10, done.
Counting objects: 100% (10/10), done.
Delta compression using up to 12 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (6/6), done.
Writing objects: 100% (6/6), 671 bytes | 671.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 6 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
remote: Powered by GITEE.COM [GNK-6.2]
To https://gitee.com/lingpe/kaol.git
   65d76a9..32ffcce  master -> master

至此冲突成功解决。