[开发工具]【C++】手把手配置VScode C/C++环境

前言

参考资料中的大佬讲的已经很详细了，但有些细节对于小白来说还是无从下手，本文仅作细节处的补充，在大体的配置方面与参考资料一样，只是在vscode处做了小小的细节补充，争取做到小白按照步骤就可以为vscode配置好c/c++环境

下载并安装vscode与编译器

vscode下载地址

编译器（MinGW-W64 GCC）下载地址
提取码: qghe

安装插件

1. 点击如下：

2. 安装c/c++的插件，如下图

配置环境

一、 解压编译器

这里我把编译器解压到了D盘，即：D:\mingw64

二、找到bin的路径

目标路径即：D:\mingw64\bin
这个路径后面会用到

三、配置电脑环境变量

1. 右击我的电脑后，点击属性
   

2. 点击右侧相关设置里的“高级系统设置”
   

3. 点击环境变量

4. 找到系统变量的Path，双击

5. 新建
   

6. 把刚才第二步的路径粘贴进去，即D:\mingw64\bin

点击确定即可。

四、测试环境配置是否成功

在cmd界面输入下面的命令

gcc -v -E -x c++ -

如果出现下面一大串字符，则说明配置成功了。

五、在vscode新建文件hello.c

六、在vscode新建.vscode目录

七、在.vscode目录新建c_cpp_properties.json

1. 把下面的代码复制粘贴进去

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceRoot}",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/include/**",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "__GNUC__=6",
                "__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"
            ],
            "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
            "browse": {
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": "",
                "path": [
                    "${workspaceRoot}",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/include/**",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
                ]
            }
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

如下图：

2. 将C:/Program Files/mingw64该段字符串复制，使用快捷键Ctrl+f搜索该字符串

注：此处的配置方法与参考资料不同，但参考资料的意思就是这样的，只是本文做了一个小小的改进，可以简化操作

3. 点击箭头，使其展开

变成这样：

4. 将刚刚压缩的编译器路径粘贴进替换栏处，即D:/mingw64，注意这里没有bin，并且此处是斜号/，而不是反斜号\

点击此处即可替换完成

替换完成后的效果图：

记得保存（Ctrl+s）

八、在.vscode目录新建launch.json

由于一些vscode的基本操作与七一样，不再赘述

1. 将下面代码复制粘贴进去

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(Windows) Launch",
            "type": "cppvsdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "cmd",
            "preLaunchTask": "echo",
            "args": [
                "/C",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                "&",
                "echo.",
                "&",
                "pause"
            ],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole":true
        },
        {
            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "C:\\Program Files\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",// 自己电脑的gdb
            "preLaunchTask": "echo",//这里和task.json的label相对应
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ]
 
        }
    ]
}

2. 使用Ctrl+f将C:\\Program Files\\mingw64替换成D:\\mingw64

注意此处的D:\\mingw64又与上面不一样，这里是两个反斜杠\

替换完成后保存

九、在.vscode目录新建tasks.json

1. 将下面代码复制粘贴进去就可以了

这个文件不需要替换，直接用

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "echo",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "gcc",
            "args": [
                "-g", 
                "${file}", 
                "-o", 
                "${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                "-fexec-charset=GBK"//解决中文乱码
            ]
        }
    ],
    "presentation": {
        "echo": true,
        "reveal": "always",
        "focus": false,
        "panel": "shared", 
        "showReuseMessage": true,
        "clear": false
    }
}

十、测试vscode

通过上述步骤，最终是这样的

那么我们就可以试试vscode能不能编译c/c++代码了

1. 我们将下面的代码复制到hello.c里面

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    printf("hello world\n");
   
    return 0;
}

2. 使用c/c++编译执行的快捷键Ctrl+Alt+N，这个很常用

如果输出上图的字符串，则说明vscode配置成功。

参考资料

https://blog.csdn.net/ren648154292/article/details/111151724?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522163282410716780261985616%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334…%2522%257D&request_id=163282410716780261985616&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2_alltop_positive~default-1-111151724.pc_search_result_control_group&utm_term=vscode%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEc%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187