1.基本函数实现
a.代码1(向下调整)
void AdjustDown(DateType*a, int n, int parent)
{
int child = parent * 2 + 1;
while (child<n)
{
if ((child+1) < n && a[child] > a[child + 1])
{
++child;
}
if (a[parent] > a[child])
{
Swap(&a[parent], &a[child]);
parent = child;
child = parent * 2 + 1;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
注意:if里面的条件语句(child?+1)<n是防止越界的,因为不能保证有右孩子。
b.代码2(向上调整)
void AdjustUp(DateType*a , int child)
{
int parent = (child - 1) / 2;
while (child > 0)
{
if (a[child] < a[parent])
{
Swap(&a[child], &a[parent]);
child = parent;
parent = (child - 1) / 2;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
注意:while里面的条件语句是不能够写成(parent<0),因为当child==0时,parent=(child - 1) / 2,parent==0,再次进入循环不满足a[child] < a[parent],恰好跳出循环。如果写成(a[child] <= a[parent])就死循环了
c.代码3(交换)
void Swap(DateType*p1, DateType*p2)
{
DateType tmp = *p1;
*p1 = *p2;
*p2 = tmp;
}
2.建堆?
void CreatHeap(Heap*p,DateType*num,int n)
{
assert(p);
p->a = (DateType*)malloc(n * sizeof(DateType));
if (p->a == NULL)
{
printf("malloc failed\n");
exit(-1);
}
memcpy(p->a, num, n * sizeof(DateType));
p->size = n;
p->capacity = n;
//建小堆
for (int i = (n - 1 - 1) / 2; i >= 0; i--)
{
AdjustDown(p->a, p->size, i);
}
}
3.插入数据
void HeapPush(Heap*p, DateType x)
{
assert(p);
if (p->size == p->capacity)
{
DateType*tmp = (DateType*)realloc(p->a, (p->capacity) * 2 * sizeof(DateType));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
printf("realloc failed\n ");
exit(-1);
}
}
(p->capacity) *= 2;
p->a[p->size] = x;
++(p->size);
//向上调整
AdjustUp(p->a, p->size-1);
}
4. 删除数据
void HeapPop(Heap*p, DateType x)
{
assert(p);
Swap(&p->a[0], &p->a[p->size-1]);
--(p->size);
AdjustDown(p->a, p->size, 0);
//左右子树还是小堆,直接调整行了
}
把堆顶的数据与最后一个数据交换,再次调整size-1个数据。?
5.获取堆顶的数据
DateType HeapTop(Heap*p)
{
assert(p);
return p->a[0];
}
6.堆的数据个数
int HeapSize(Heap*p)
{
assert(p);
return p->size;
}
7.判空
bool HeapIsEmpty(Heap*p)
{
assert(p);
return p->size == 0;
}
8.打印
void Print(Heap*p)
{
assert(p);
for (int i = 0; i < p->size; i++)
{
printf("%d ", (p->a)[i]);
}
printf("\n");
int count = 0;//计数
int levelsize = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < p->size; i++)
{
printf("%d ", p->a[i]);
++count;
if (count == levelsize)
{
printf("\n");
levelsize *= 2;
count = 0;//重新计数
}
}
printf("\n");
}
8.销毁
void HeapDestory(Heap*p)
{
assert(p);
free(p->a);
p->a = NULL;
p->capacity = p->size = 0;
}
9.测试
int main()
{
int num[] = { 12,15,17,23,10,25 };
int n = sizeof(num) / sizeof(num[0]);
Heap a;
//创建小堆
CreatHeap(&a,num, n);
Print(&a);
printf("\n");
//插入数据
HeapPush(&a, 1);
Print(&a);
//删除对顶的数据
HeapPop(&a);
Print(&a);
printf("\n");
//获取堆顶数据
int ret=HeapTop(&a);
printf("The top date is %d\n",ret);
//堆的数据个数
int number=HeapSize(&a);
printf("The number of heap is %d\n", number);
//销毁
HeapDestory(&a);
return 0;
}
10.测试结果
11.用堆排序(降序)
a.代码1
int main()
{
DateType num[] = { 12,15,17,23,10,25 };
int n = sizeof(num) / sizeof(num[0]);
HeapSort(num, n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d ", num[i]);
}
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
void HeapSort(int*num, int n)
{
//建小堆
for (int i = (n - 1 - 1) / 2; i >= 0; i--)
{
AdjustDown(num, n, i);
}
int end = n - 1;
while (end>0)
{
Swap(&num[0], &num[end]);
AdjustDown(num, end, 0);
--end;
}
}
运行结果
堆的基本操作今天就分享在到这里了,谢谢你的浏览,如果对你有帮助的话,可以点一个赞,随便来个关注。
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