[开发测试]TestNG

1 优点

1、比Junit涵盖功能更全面的测试框架
2、Junit更适合隔离性比较强的单元测试
3、TestNG更适合复杂的集成测试

2 maven中的使用

maven中引入

3 TestNG基本注解与执行顺序实战

3.1 Test、BeforeMethod、AfterMethod、BeforeClass、afterClass

package com.liuqi.testng;

import org.testng.annotations.*;

public class BasicAnnotation {

    //最基本注解，用来把方法标记为测试的一部分
    @Test
    public void testCase1(){
        System.out.println("这是测试用例1");
    }

    @Test
    public void testCase2(){
        System.out.println("Test这是测试用例2");
    }
    @BeforeMethod
    public void beforeMethod(){
        System.out.println("BeforeMethod这是在测试方法之前运行的");
    }

    @AfterMethod
    public void afterMethod(){
        System.out.println("afterMethod这是在测试方法之后运行的");
    }

    @BeforeClass
    public void beforeClass(){
        System.out.println("beforeClass这是在类运行之前运行的");
    }

    @AfterClass
    public void afterClass(){
        System.out.println("afterClass这是在类运行之后运行的");
    }
}

运行结果：

beforeClass这是在类运行之前运行的
BeforeMethod这是在测试方法之前运行的
这是测试用例1
afterMethod这是在测试方法之后运行的
BeforeMethod这是在测试方法之前运行的
Test这是测试用例2
afterMethod这是在测试方法之后运行的
afterClass这是在类运行之后运行的

===============================================
Default Suite
Total tests run: 2, Passes: 2, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

beforeclass、afterclass在类运行之前是否需要注册一些对象、赋值、静态方法赋值，然后其他method方法就可以使用
beforeMethod、afterMethod在每个测试用例运行之前和之后必须要运行的东西可以写在这里面

3.2 beforeSuit、afterSuit

package com.liuqi.testng;

import org.testng.annotations.*;

public class BasicAnnotation {

    //最基本注解，用来把方法标记为测试的一部分
    @Test
    public void testCase1(){
        System.out.println("这是测试用例1");
    }

    @Test
    public void testCase2(){
        System.out.println("Test这是测试用例2");
    }
    @BeforeMethod
    public void beforeMethod(){
        System.out.println("BeforeMethod这是在测试方法之前运行的");
    }

    @AfterMethod
    public void afterMethod(){
        System.out.println("afterMethod这是在测试方法之后运行的");
    }

    @BeforeClass
    public void beforeClass(){
        System.out.println("beforeClass这是在类运行之前运行的");
    }

    @AfterClass
    public void afterClass(){
        System.out.println("afterClass这是在类运行之后运行的");
    }

    @BeforeSuite
    public void beforeSuit(){
        System.out.println("BeforeSuite类运行之前运行测试套件");
    }

    @AfterSuite
    public void afterSuit(){
        System.out.println("afterSuit类运行之后运行测试套件");
    }
}

运行结果：

BeforeSuite测试套件
beforeClass这是在类运行之前运行的
BeforeMethod这是在测试方法之前运行的
这是测试用例1
afterMethod这是在测试方法之后运行的
BeforeMethod这是在测试方法之前运行的
Test这是测试用例2
afterMethod这是在测试方法之后运行的
afterClass这是在类运行之后运行的
afterSuit测试套件

===============================================
Default Suite
Total tests run: 2, Passes: 2, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

3.3 测试套件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<suite name="test">
    <test name="login">
            <classes>
                    <class name="com.liuqi.testng.suit.SuitConf"/>
                    <class name="com.liuqi.testng.suit.LoginTest"/>
            </classes>
    </test>

    <test name="pay">
            <classes>
                    <class name="com.liuqi.testng.suit.SuitConf"/>
                    <class name="com.liuqi.testng.suit.payTest"/>
            </classes>
    </test>

</suite>

3.4 忽略测试

package com.liuqi.testng;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class ignoreTest {
    @Test
    public void ignore1(){
        System.out.println("ignore1 执行！");
    }

    @Test(enabled = false)
    public void ignore2(){
        System.out.println("ignore2 执行");
    }
    @Test
    public void ignore3(){
        System.out.println("ignore3 执行");
    }

}

结果：

ignore1 执行！
ignore3 执行

3.5 组测试

package com.liuqi.testng.groups;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class groupOnMethod {

    @Test(groups = "server")
    public void test1(){
        System.out.println("这是服务端组的测试方法11");
    }

    @Test(groups = "server")
    public void test2(){
        System.out.println("这是服务端组的测试方法22");
    }

    @Test(groups = "client")
    public void test3(){
        System.out.println("这是客户端组的测试方法33");
    }

    @Test(groups = "client")
    public void test4() {
        System.out.println("这是客户端组的测试方法44");
    }

    @BeforeGroups("server")
    public void beforeGroupsOnServer(){
        System.out.println("这是服务端组运行之前运行的方法");
    }


    @AfterGroups("server")
    public void afterGroupsOnServer(){
        System.out.println("这是服务端组运行之后运行的方法");
    }

    @BeforeGroups("client")
    public void beforeGroupsOnClient(){
        System.out.println("这是客户端组运行之前运行的方法");
    }

    @AfterGroups("client")
    public void afterGroupsOnClient(){
        System.out.println("这是客户端组运行之后运行的方法");
    }
}

运行结果：

这是服务端组的测试方法11
这是服务端组的测试方法22
这是客户端组的测试方法33
这是客户端组的测试方法44

运行结果与预期结果不符，@BeforeGroups和@AfterGroups的输出结果没有生效。

3.6 类分组测试

package com.liuqi.testng.groups;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

@Test(groups = "stu")
public class GroupOnClass1 {

    public void stu1(){
        System.out.println("GroupOnClass1-----stu1运行");
    }

    public void stu2(){
        System.out.println("GroupOnClass1-----stu2运行");
    }
}

@Test(groups = "stu")
public class GroupOnClass2 {
    public void stu1(){
        System.out.println("GroupOnClass2-----stu1运行");
    }

    public void stu2(){
        System.out.println("GroupOnClass2-----stu2运行");
    }
}

@Test(groups = "teacher")
public class GroupOnClass3 {
    public void teacher1(){
        System.out.println("GroupOnClass3----teacher1运行");
    }

    public void teacher2(){
        System.out.println("GroupOnClass3----teacher2运行");
    }
}

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<suite name="suitename">
    <test name="runAll">
        <classes>
            <class name="com.liuqi.testng.groups.GroupOnClass1"/>
            <class name="com.liuqi.testng.groups.GroupOnClass2"/>
            <class name="com.liuqi.testng.groups.GroupOnClass3"/>
        </classes>
    </test>

    <test name="onlyRunStu">
        <groups>
            <run>
                  <include name="stu"/>
            </run>
        </groups>
        <classes>
            <class name="com.liuqi.testng.groups.GroupOnClass1"/>
            <class name="com.liuqi.testng.groups.GroupOnClass2"/>
            <class name="com.liuqi.testng.groups.GroupOnClass3"/>
        </classes>
    </test>

</suite>

此时，xml配置后，运行该xml文件：

GroupOnClass1-----stu1运行
GroupOnClass1-----stu2运行
GroupOnClass2-----stu1运行
GroupOnClass2-----stu2运行
GroupOnClass3----teacher1运行
GroupOnClass3----teacher2运行
GroupOnClass1-----stu1运行
GroupOnClass1-----stu2运行
GroupOnClass2-----stu1运行
GroupOnClass2-----stu2运行

3.7 异常测试

package com.liuqi.testng.groups;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

/**
 * 什么时候会用到异常测试
 * 在我们期待结果为某一个异常的时候
 * 比如：我们传入了某些不合法的参数，程序抛出了异常
 * 也就是说我的预期结果就是这个异常
 */

//这是一个测试结果会失败的异常测试
public class ExpectedError {

    //这是一个测试结果会失败的异常测试
    @Test(expectedExceptions = RuntimeException.class)
    public void runTimeExcepetionFailed(){
        System.out.println("这是一个失败的异常测试");
    }

    //这是一个测试结果成功的异常测试
    @Test(expectedExceptions = RuntimeException.class)
    public void runTimeExcepetionSuccess(){
        System.out.println("这是一个成功的异常测试");
        throw new RuntimeException();
    }

}

运行结果：

"D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\bin\java.exe" -ea -Didea.test.cyclic.buffer.size=1048576 "-javaagent:D:\Program Files (x86)\software\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2020.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=58762:D:\Program Files (x86)\software\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2020.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "D:\Program Files (x86)\software\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2020.3\lib\idea_rt.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2020.3\plugins\testng\lib\testng-rt.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-32.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\workspace\testNG\target\classes;C:\Users\liuqi49\.m2\repository\org\testng\testng\7.4.0\testng-7.4.0.jar;C:\Users\liuqi49\.m2\repository\com\beust\jcommander\1.78\jcommander-1.78.jar;C:\Users\liuqi49\.m2\repository\org\webjars\jquery\3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.jar" com.intellij.rt.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter -usedefaultlisteners false -socket58761 @w@C:\Users\liuqi49\AppData\Local\Temp\idea_working_dirs_testng.tmp -temp C:\Users\liuqi49\AppData\Local\Temp\idea_testng.tmp
这是一个失败的异常测试

org.testng.TestException: 
Method ExpectedError.runTimeExcepetionFailed()[pri:0, instance:com.liuqi.testng.groups.ExpectedError@1ceabc1] should have thrown an exception of type class java.lang.RuntimeException

	at org.testng.internal.ExpectedExceptionsHolder.noException(ExpectedExceptionsHolder.java:82)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker.considerExceptions(TestInvoker.java:749)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker.invokeMethod(TestInvoker.java:634)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker.invokeTestMethod(TestInvoker.java:173)
	at org.testng.internal.MethodRunner.runInSequence(MethodRunner.java:46)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker$MethodInvocationAgent.invoke(TestInvoker.java:824)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker.invokeTestMethods(TestInvoker.java:146)
	at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:146)
	at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:128)
	at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1249)
	at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:794)
	at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:596)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:377)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:371)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:332)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:276)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:53)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:96)
	at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1212)
	at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1134)
	at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1063)
	at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1031)
	at com.intellij.rt.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:66)
	at com.intellij.rt.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:109)

这是一个成功的异常测试

===============================================
Default Suite
Total tests run: 2, Passes: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0
===============================================


Process finished with exit code 0

3.8 依赖测试

test2运行必须以test1为前提

package com.liuqi.testng;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class dependTest {

    @Test
    public void test1(){
        System.out.println("test1 run");
    }
    @Test(dependsOnMethods = {"test1"})
    public void test2(){
        System.out.println("test2 run");
    }
}

当运行test2（）时，test1（）也会跟着运行

test1 run
test2 run

当test1运行失败，test2将会被忽略

package com.liuqi.testng;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class dependTest {

    @Test
    public void test1(){
        System.out.println("test1 run");
        throw new RuntimeException();
    }
    @Test(dependsOnMethods = {"test1"})
    public void test2(){
        System.out.println("test2 run");
    }
}

运行结果：

"D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\bin\java.exe" -ea -Didea.test.cyclic.buffer.size=1048576 "-javaagent:D:\Program Files (x86)\software\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2020.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=52318:D:\Program Files (x86)\software\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2020.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "D:\Program Files (x86)\software\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2020.3\lib\idea_rt.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2020.3\plugins\testng\lib\testng-rt.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-32.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\software\jdk1.8\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\workspace\testNG\target\classes;C:\Users\liuqi49\.m2\repository\org\testng\testng\7.4.0\testng-7.4.0.jar;C:\Users\liuqi49\.m2\repository\com\beust\jcommander\1.78\jcommander-1.78.jar;C:\Users\liuqi49\.m2\repository\org\webjars\jquery\3.5.1\jquery-3.5.1.jar" com.intellij.rt.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter -usedefaultlisteners false -socket52317 @w@C:\Users\liuqi49\AppData\Local\Temp\idea_working_dirs_testng.tmp -temp C:\Users\liuqi49\AppData\Local\Temp\idea_testng.tmp
test1 run

java.lang.RuntimeException
	at com.liuqi.testng.dependTest.test1(dependTest.java:10)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:133)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker.invokeMethod(TestInvoker.java:598)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker.invokeTestMethod(TestInvoker.java:173)
	at org.testng.internal.MethodRunner.runInSequence(MethodRunner.java:46)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker$MethodInvocationAgent.invoke(TestInvoker.java:824)
	at org.testng.internal.TestInvoker.invokeTestMethods(TestInvoker.java:146)
	at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:146)
	at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:128)
	at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1249)
	at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:794)
	at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:596)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:377)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:371)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:332)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:276)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:53)
	at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:96)
	at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1212)
	at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1134)
	at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1063)
	at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1031)
	at com.intellij.rt.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:66)
	at com.intellij.rt.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:109)


Test ignored.

===============================================
Default Suite
Total tests run: 2, Passes: 0, Failures: 1, Skips: 1
===============================================


Process finished with exit code 0

3.9 参数化测试

（1）通过xml传递参数

public class paramterTest {

    @Test
    @Parameters({"name","age"})
    public void paramTest1(String name,int age){
        System.out.println("name="+name+"age="+age);
    }
}

其中xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<suite name="para">
    <test name="param">
        <classes>
            <parameter name="name" value ="zhangsan"/>
            <parameter name="age" value ="10"/>
            <class name="com.liuqi.testng.para.paramterTest"/>

        </classes>
    </test>
</suite>

（2）通过dataProvider传数据

public class DataProviderTest {

    @Test(dataProvider = "data")
    public void testDataProvider(String name,int age){
        System.out.println("name="+name+"age="+age);
    }
    //为上面提供参数
    @DataProvider(name="data")
    public Object[][] providerData(){
        Object[][] o=new Object[][]{
                {"zhangsan",10},{"lisi",12},{"wangwu",20}
        };
        return o;
    }
}

运行结果：

name=zhangsanage=10
name=lisiage=12
name=wangwuage=20

===============================================
Default Suite
Total tests run: 3, Passes: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

（3）方法传参

   //通过方法传参
    @Test(dataProvider = "methodData")
    public void test1(String name, int age) {
        System.out.println("test1方法 name=" + name + ";age=" + age);
    }

    @Test(dataProvider = "methodData")
    public void test2(String name, int age) {
        System.out.println("test2方法 name=" + name + ";age=" + age);
    }

    @DataProvider(name = "methodData")
    public Object[][] methodDataTest(Method method) {
        Object[][] result = null;
        if (method.getName().equals("test1")) {
            result = new Object[][]{
                    {"zhangsan",10},
                    {"lisi", 20}
            };
        } else if (method.getName().equals("test2")) {
            result = new Object[][]{
                    {"wangwu",50},
                    {"zhaoliu", 60}
            };

        }
        return result;
    }
}

运行结果：

test1方法 name=zhangsan;age=10
test1方法 name=lisi;age=20
test2方法 name=wangwu;age=50
test2方法 name=zhaoliu;age=60

3.10 超时测试

~多久没响应超时

package com.liuqi.testng;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class timeOutTest {

    @Test(timeOut = 3000)//单位毫秒值
    public void testSuccess() throws InterruptedException{
        Thread.sleep(2000);
    }

    @Test(timeOut = 3000)//单位毫秒值
    public void testFaild() throws InterruptedException{
        Thread.sleep(4000);
    }

}

运行结果

Default Suite
Total tests run: 2, Passes: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0