[游戏开发]Unity 实现相机视角慢慢变黑的效果（VR）

一、在相机下新建一个Canvas，添加Image 和CanvasGroup 组件

二、通过代码控制CanvasGroup 组件中Alpha值

以下函数要放在Update中执行。

第一种写法（判断条件为Alpha 0-1的值）

    private float Alpha;
    private float AlphaSpeed = 1.5f; //Alpha值渐变的时间
    /// <summary>
    /// 控制Alpha值增加
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="_mask"></param>
    public void AlphaControl(GameObject _mask)
    {
        if (_mask != null)
        {
            _mask.SetActive(true);

            Alpha += Time.deltaTime * 1 / AlphaSpeed;
            _mask.GetComponent<CanvasGroup>().alpha = Alpha;
           
            if (Alpha >= 0.95f) playAnimation = PlayAnimation.EnterGame;

        }
    }

第二种写法（判断条件为持续时间）

    /// <summary>
    /// 屏幕遮罩
    /// </summary>
    public CanvasGroup screenMask; 
     /// <summary>
    /// 遮罩的Alpha
    /// </summary>
    private float maskAlpha;
    /// <summary>
    /// 遮罩的Alpha持续时间
    /// </summary>
    private float maskAlphaDuration = 5f;
     /// <summary>
    /// 游戏结束画面逐渐变黑并退出游戏场景
    /// </summary>
    private void GameOver()
    {
        if (isGameOver)
        {
            maskAlpha += Time.deltaTime;
            screenMask.alpha = maskAlpha / maskAlphaDuration;
            if (maskAlpha >= maskAlphaDuration)
            {
                maskAlpha = 0;
#if UNITY_EDITOR
                UnityEditor.EditorApplication.isPlaying = false;
#else
                Application.Quit();
#endif
            }
        }
    }

三、 通过Image组件实现相机的遮罩效果

注意：如果CanvasGroup和Image同时存在，需将CanvasGroup的Alpha值改为1，再进行控制Image的Alpha值。

     /// <summary>
    /// 屏幕遮罩
    /// </summary>
    public Image screenMask; 
     /// <summary>
    /// 遮罩的Alpha
    /// </summary>
    private float maskAlpha;
    /// <summary>
    /// 遮罩的Alpha持续时间
    /// </summary>
    private float maskAlphaDuration = 5f;    
    /// <summary>
    /// 游戏结束画面逐渐变黑并退出游戏场景
    /// </summary>
    private void GameOver()
    {
        if (isGameOver)
        {
            var r = screenMask.color.r;
            var g = screenMask.color.g;
            var b = screenMask.color.b;

            maskAlpha += Time.deltaTime;
            screenMask.color = new Color(r, g, b, maskAlpha / maskAlphaDuration);
            if (maskAlpha >= maskAlphaDuration)
            {
                maskAlpha = 0;
#if UNITY_EDITOR
                UnityEditor.EditorApplication.isPlaying = false;
#else
                Application.Quit();
#endif
            }
        }
    }