[网络协议]京东商品数据数据爬取

要求

以饮料这一品种为例，获取10个页面的商品信息。具体包括详情页中的商品名称、价格、商品介绍（包括图片）、规格包装



数据库字段要求

commodity

import requests
from scrapy import Selector
import requests
import json
import re
import mysql
import time
import threading
#import datetime
def get_proxy(website):
    while True:
        resp = requests.get(f'http://proxy.aigauss.com/proxy/next/{website}')
        try:
            j = resp.json()
            p = f'{j["ip"]}:{j["port"]}'
            print('使用代理 %s' % p)
            return {
                'http': p,
                'https': p
            }
        except:
            print(f'获取代理异常: {resp.text}')
            time.sleep(2)

def request_get(url):
    """
    通用请求
    :param url:
    :return:
    """
    payload = {}
    headers = {
        'authority': 'p.3.cn',
        'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/95.0.4638.69 Safari/537.36',
        'accept': '*/*',
        'referer': 'https://search.jd.com/',
        'accept-language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
        # 'Cookie': 'token=0af978cad27e9de4ef38e1d557b933c9,1,909184'
    }
    # 动态网页访问还是看一下postman就算请求内容不要经过js渲染
    proxies=get_proxy('jd') #获取百度代理
    response = requests.request("GET", url, headers=headers, data=payload,proxies=proxies)
    return response.text


def get_list(page):
    url="https://search.jd.com/Search?keyword=饮料&qrst=1&stock=1&pvid=d9f1f93b10b84ccbb39ffc80192158e8&" \
        "page={}&s=1&click=0".format(page)
    res=request_get(url)
    res=Selector(text=res)
    lst = []
    for li in res.xpath('//div[@id="J_goodsList"]//li'):
        dic = {}#放在循环外面 全部重复
        print(li)
        dic['sku'] = li.xpath('.//@data-sku').get()
        dic['spu'] = li.xpath('.//@data-spu').get()
        lst.append(dic)
    return lst


def get_pic(sku,spu):
    '''
    获取详情页图片信息
    :param sku:
    :param spu:
    :return:
    sku spu中spu为空，分析发现其中spu==sku 除此之外有少量不等的情况忽略
    '''
    if spu == '':
        print("spu is null",sku)
        spu=sku
        #return []
    url = "https://cd.jd.com/description/channel?skuId={}&mainSkuId={}" \
          "&charset=utf-8&cdn=2&callback=showdesc".format(sku, spu)
    imgcon=request_get(url)
    doc = imgcon[9:-1]
    # print(res)
    #print("url{}",url)
    print("doc[:10]{}".format(doc[:10]))
    doc = json.loads(doc)
    htmlc = doc["content"]
    res=Selector(text=htmlc)
    print(imgcon)
    lst = []
    try:
        imgcon = res.xpath("//style/text()").get()
        image_row = re.compile(r'\.ssd-module-wrap \.(.*?)\{.*?\((.*?)\)')
        image_info = re.findall(image_row, imgcon)

        for image in image_info:
            item = {
                'image_id': image[0],
                'image_url': 'https:' + image[1]
            }
            lst.append(item['image_url'])
    except TypeError:
        # 访问异常的错误编号和详细信息
        for i in res.xpath("//img//@data-lazyload"):
            img_link = "https:" + i.get()[2:-2]
            lst.append(img_link)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e.args)
    return lst


def basic_info(sku):
    '''
    获取详情页商品介绍+价格+商品名称信息
    :param sku:
    :return:
    '''
    url1 = "https://item.jd.com/{}.html".format(sku)
    url2 = "https://item-soa.jd.com/getWareBusiness?skuId={}".format(sku)
    res = request_get(url1)
    res = Selector(text=res)
    #获取商品介绍
    print(url1)
    name = ""
    try:
        for i in res.xpath('//div[@class="sku-name"]//text()'):
            # 在名称前面有多个image 文字取最后一个
            name=i.get().strip()
        print(name)
    except AttributeError:
        name = res.xpath('//div[@class="sku-name"]//text()').get().strip()#else:针对except
    if name == "":
        print("name is null ",url1)
    lst = []
    # 品牌和其他属性介绍所在标签不同
    brank=res.xpath('//div[@class="p-parameter"]//li//text()').get()
    brank=res.xpath('//div[@class="p-parameter"]//li//a//text()').get()+brank
    lst.append(brank)
    for li in res.xpath('//div[@class="p-parameter"]//li'):
        str=li.xpath('.//text()').get()
        print(str)
        lst.append(str)
    intro='；'.join(lst)
    #获取商品信息  包装规格等
    dic={}
    for dl in res.xpath('//div[@class="Ptable-item"]/dl/dl'):
        keys=dl.xpath('.//dt//text()').get()
        values = dl.xpath('.//dd//text()').get()
        dic[keys]=values
    # 获取商品价格
    res = request_get(url2)
    price = json.loads(res)["price"]["p"]
    return name,price,intro,dic

def get_page(i):
    lst = get_list(2 * i - 1)
    for dic in lst:
        try:
            data = {}
            data['pic'] = str(get_pic(dic['sku'], dic['spu']))
            name, price, intro, size2pack = basic_info(dic['sku'])
            # mysql要输入字符串
            data['name'], data['price'], data['intro'], data['size2pack'] = name, price, str(intro), str(size2pack)
            print(data)
            mysql_client.insert_one('jd', data)
        except Exception as e:
            print("{}".format(repr(e)))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    conn, cur = mysql.mysql_conn()
    mysql_client = mysql.MysqlORM(conn, cur)
    for i in range(11):
    	get_page(i)

mysql

import pymysql
from pymysql.cursors import DictCursor


def mysql_conn():
    """开发连接库"""
    _conn = pymysql.connect(
        host='localhost',
        user='root',
        passwd='123454321',
        database='practice',
        port=3306,
        charset='utf8mb4'
    )
    _cur = _conn.cursor(DictCursor)
    return _conn, _cur

class MysqlORM(object):
    def __init__(self, conn, cur):
        self.conn = conn
        self.cur = cur

    def insert_one(self, table: str, data: dict):
        name = ','.join(data.keys())
        print(name)
        col = ','.join('%({})s'.format(k) for k in data.keys())
        print(col)
        sql = f'insert ignore into {table}({name}) values({col})'
        self.cur.execute(sql, data)
        self.conn.commit()
        rowid = self.cur.lastrowid
        print(f'{table} 插入一条数据 {rowid}')
        return rowid

    def update_one(self, table: str, data: dict, fixed: list):
        fileds = [f'{name}=%({name})s' for name in data.keys() if name not in fixed]
        where_phrase = [f'{name}=%({name})s' for name in fixed]
        where = ' and '.join(where_phrase)
        update_sql = f'update {table} set {",".join(fileds)} where {where}'
        self.cur.execute(update_sql, data)
        self.conn.commit()
        print(f'{table} 更新一条数据到 {table} 成功')