开发: C++知识库 Java知识库 JavaScript Python PHP知识库人工智能区块链大数据移动开发嵌入式开发工具数据结构与算法开发测试游戏开发网络协议系统运维
教程: HTML教程 CSS教程 JavaScript教程 Go语言教程 JQuery教程 VUE教程 VUE3教程 Bootstrap教程 SQL数据库教程 C语言教程 C++教程 Java教程 Python教程 Python3教程 C#教程
数码: 电脑笔记本显卡显示器固态硬盘硬盘耳机手机 iphone vivo oppo 小米华为单反装机图拉丁

-> 网络协议 -> JavaSE学习心得——网络编程与IO流 -> 正文阅读

[网络协议]JavaSE学习心得——网络编程与IO流

IP

package interweb;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

//测试IP
public class TestInterAddress {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
        //查询本机地址
        InetAddress inetAddress1= InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
        System.out.println(inetAddress1);
        InetAddress inetAddress2= InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
        System.out.println(inetAddress2);
        InetAddress inetAddress3= InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        System.out.println(inetAddress3);

        //查询百度地址
        InetAddress inetAddress4= InetAddress.getByName("www.baidu.com");
        System.out.println(inetAddress4);

        //常用的方法
        System.out.println(inetAddress4.getAddress());
        System.out.println(inetAddress4.getCanonicalHostName());//规范的名字
        System.out.println(inetAddress4.getHostAddress());//ip
        System.out.println(inetAddress4.getHostName());//域名，或者自己电脑的名字

    }

}

在这里插入图片描述

TCP

一定要先开启服务器，再开启客户端

TCP实现聊天

服务器端

package interweb.demo1;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

//服务器端
public class TestServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ServerSocket serverSocket=null;
        Socket accept=null;
        InputStream is=null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream=null;
        try {
            //1.我有一个地址
            serverSocket= new ServerSocket(9999);
            while (true){
                //2.等待客户端到来
                accept=serverSocket.accept();
                //3.读取客户端的消息
                is= accept.getInputStream();

                //管道流
                byteArrayOutputStream=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                byte[] buffer= new byte[1024];
                int len;
                while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
                    byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
                }
                System.out.println(byteArrayOutputStream.toString());
            }


        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            //关闭资源
            if (byteArrayOutputStream!=null){
                try {
                    byteArrayOutputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            if (is!=null){
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            if (accept!=null){
                try {
                    accept.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            if (serverSocket!=null){
                try {
                    serverSocket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端

package interweb.demo1;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

//客户端
public class TestClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Socket socket=null;
        OutputStream os=null;

        //1.要知道服务器的地址;端口号
        try {
            InetAddress inetAddress=InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
            int port=9999;

            //2.创建一个Socket连接(做好了一杯奶茶)
             socket= new Socket(inetAddress,port);

            //3.发送消息(吸管)
             os= socket.getOutputStream();

             os.write("你好，欢迎学习狂神说Java".getBytes());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if (os!=null){
                try {
                    os.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            if (socket!=null){
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }


    }
}

在这里插入图片描述
开启客户端

再查看服务器端

TCP实现文件上传

先将文件放入文件夹
在这里插入图片描述

服务器端

package interweb.demo2;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TestService {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.创建服务
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);

        //2.监听客户端的连接
        Socket socket= serverSocket.accept();

        //3.获取输入流
        InputStream inputStream= socket.getInputStream();

        //4.文件输入
        OutputStream os= new FileOutputStream( new File("receive.JPG"));

        byte[] buffer= new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
            os.write(buffer,0,len);
        }

        //关闭服务
        os.close();
        inputStream.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }


}

客户端

package interweb.demo2;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class TestClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.创建一个socket连接
        Socket socket= new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9000);

        //2.创建一个输出流
        OutputStream os= socket.getOutputStream();

        //3.文件流
        FileInputStream fin= new FileInputStream(new File("2022.JPG"));

        //4.写出文件
        byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len=fin.read(buffer))!=-1){
            os.write(buffer,0,len);
        }

        //关闭流
        os.close();
        fin.close();
        socket.close();

    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

UDP

UDP不需要等待服务器的开启

UDP消息发送

客户端

package interweb.demo3;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

//不需要连接服务器
public class UdpClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.建立一个Socket
        DatagramSocket socket=new DatagramSocket();

        //2.建立一个包
        String msg="你好啊，服务器!";
        InetAddress localhost=InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
        int port=9090;

        //数据，数据的长度，起始，要发送给谁
        DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(),0,msg.getBytes().length,localhost,port);


        //3.发送包
        socket.send(packet);

        //4.关闭流
        socket.close();
    }
}

服务器端

package interweb.demo3;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

//还要等待客户端的连接!
public class UdpService {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //开放端口
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
        //接受数据包
        byte[] buffer= new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(buffer,0,buffer.length);

        socket.receive(packet);
        System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
        //关闭连接
        socket.close();

    }

}

在这里插入图片描述

UDP聊天实现

发送端

package interweb.chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.*;

public class UdpSender {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();

        //准备数据
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        String data=bufferedReader.readLine();
        byte[] datas=data.getBytes();
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas, 0, datas.length, new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 6666));

        socket.send(packet);
        socket.close();

    }

}

接收端

package interweb.chat;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class UdpReceiver {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);

        while (true){
            //准备接受包裹
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
            socket.receive(packet);

            //断开连接 bye
            byte[] data = packet.getData();
            String msg=new String(data,0,data.length);
            System.out.println(msg);
            if (msg.equals("bye")){
                break;
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述
开始发送

接收端不断接收

UDP多线程在线咨询

发送端

package interweb.chat2;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class TalkSend implements Runnable {
    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    BufferedReader reader = null;

    private int fromPort;
    private String toIP;
    private int toPort;

    public TalkSend(int fromPort, String toIP, int toPort) throws Exception {
        this.fromPort = fromPort;
        this.toIP = toIP;
        this.toPort = toPort;
        socket = new DatagramSocket(fromPort);
        reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            try {
                String data = reader.readLine();
                byte[] bytes = data.getBytes();
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes, 0, bytes.length, new InetSocketAddress(this.toIP, this.toPort));

                socket.send(packet);
                if (data.equals("bye")){
                    break;
                }


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

接收端

package interweb.chat2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;


public class TalkReceive implements Runnable{

    DatagramSocket socket=null;
    private int port;
    private String msgfrom;

    public TalkReceive(int port,String msgfrom) throws Exception {
        this.port = port;
        this.msgfrom=msgfrom;
        socket=new DatagramSocket(port);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
           try {
               //准备接受包裹
               byte[] container=new byte[1024];
               DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container, 0, container.length);
               socket.receive(packet);

               //断开连接 bye
               byte[] data= packet.getData();
               String msg=new String(data,0,data.length);
               System.out.println(msgfrom+"说:"+msg);
               if (msg.equals("bye")){
                   break;
               }

            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
        socket.close();

    }
}

学生端

package interweb.chat2;

public class TalkStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //开启两个线程
        new Thread(new TalkSend(7777,"localhost",9999)).start();
        new Thread(new TalkReceive(8888,"老师")).start();
    }
}

教师端

package interweb.chat2;

public class TalkTeacher {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        new Thread(new TalkSend(5555,"localhost",8888)).start();
        new Thread(new TalkReceive(9999,"学生")).start();
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

UDP下载网络资源

在这里插入图片描述

package interweb.URL;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class UrlDown {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //1.下载地址
        URL url = new URL("https://dl.stream.qqmusic.qq.com/C4000012Ez0a1tFcOI.m4a?guid=4827791422&vkey=C04043FF630746C952BAF949B2771DFF169AFDAD21282D0130E3E7E5DB2E4C95D06F3F318BC19FE18ED3187713AB89ED3CB997569CDDEA8D&uin=1796511432&fromtag=66");

        //2.连接到这个资源 HTTP
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection=(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();

        FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream("7.m4a");

        byte[] buffer= new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
            outputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        outputStream.close();
        inputStream.close();
        urlConnection.disconnect();//断开连接


    }
}