[网络协议]内网nginx配置SSL

1. 安装OpenSSL

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

2. 创建证书文件夹cert

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/cert
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/cert

3. 生成私钥和证书

[root@localhost cert]# openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout rsa_private.key -x509 -days 365 -out cert.crt -subj "/C=CN/ST=GD/L=SZ/O=vihoo/OU=dev/CN=192.168.152.3/emailAddress=123@qq.com"

参数说明:

req:  配置参数-x509指定使用 X.509证书签名请求管理(certificate signing request (CSR))."X.509" 是一个公钥代表that SSL and TLS adheres to for its key and certificate management.
-nodes:  告诉OpenSSL生产证书时忽略密码环节.(因为我们需要Nginx自动读取这个文件，而不是以用户交互的形式)。
-days 36500:  证书有效期，100年
-newkey rsa:  2048: 同时产生一个新证书和一个新的SSL key(加密强度为RSA 2048)
-keyout:  SSL输出文件名
-out:  证书生成文件名

生成结果如下:

4. nginx开启SSL模块

若已开启则跳过这一步，如果nginx未开启SSL模块，会出现如下错误：

nginx: [emerg] the "ssl" parameter requires ngx_http_ssl_module in /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:102

切换到nginx的源码包

[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/src/nginx/nginx-1.15.10

查看nginx原有模块

[root@localhost nginx-1.15.10]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.15.10
built by gcc 9.3.1 20200408 (Red Hat 9.3.1-2) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx # 此处查看nginx的模块信息

配置http_ssl_module模块

[root@localhost nginx-1.15.10]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

运行上述命令，等待配置完成，然后执行命令

make # 这里不要进行make install，否则就是覆盖安装

备份原有已安装好的nginx

[root@localhost nginx-1.15.10]# cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.bak

将编译好的nginx覆盖掉原有的nginx（这个时候nginx要停止状态）

[root@localhost nginx-1.15.10]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
[root@localhost nginx-1.15.10]# cp ./objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
cp: overwrite ‘/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx’? y # 注意此处需要输入y

查看是否已经加入成功

[root@localhost nginx-1.15.10]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.15.10
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC) 
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module # 此处说明已加入成功

5. 配置nginx

# HTTPS server
    #
    server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        server_name  192.168.152.3;

        ssl_certificate      /usr/local/nginx/cert/cert.crt; # 证书目录
        ssl_certificate_key  /usr/local/nginx/cert/rsa_private.key; # 证书目录

        ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  5m;

        ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

        location / {
           root   html;
           index  index.html index.htm;
           try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # 防止Vue路由模式为history模式时刷新页面丢失
        }

        location /api/{
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:10005; # 后端接口代理
        }
    }

5. nginx的SSL性能调优

ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:AES256-SHA256:RC4:HIGH:!MD5:!aNULL:!eNULL:!NULL:!DH:!EDH:!AESGCM;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_timeout 10m;

6. 配置http转https

server {
       listen       80;
       server_name  192.168.152.3;
       return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
    }
server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        server_name  192.168.152.3;

        ssl_certificate      /usr/local/nginx/cert/cert.crt; # 证书目录
        ssl_certificate_key  /usr/local/nginx/cert/rsa_private.key; # 证书目录

        ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  5m;

        ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

        location / {
           root   html;
           index  index.html index.htm;
           try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # 防止Vue路由模式为history模式时刷新页面丢失
        }

        location /api/{
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:10005; # 后端接口代理
        }
    }

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