[网络协议]HCIP OSPF综合实验

实验要求及拓扑

实验内容及步骤

IP地址划分

172.16.0.0/19 — a0

    172.16.0.0/24 --- P2P骨干

            172.16.0.0/30

            ......

    172.16.1.0/24 --- MA骨干

            172.16.1.0/29

            ......

    172.16.2.0/24

    ......

172.16.32.0/19 — a1

    172.16.32.0/24 --- P2P骨干

            172.16.32.0/30

            ......

    172.16.33.0/24 --- MA骨干

            172.16.33.0/29

            ......

    172.16.34.0/24

    ......

172.16.64.0/19 — a2

    172.16.64.0/24 --- P2P骨干

            172.16.64.0/30

            ......

    172.16.65.0/24 --- MA骨干

            172.16.65.0/30

            ......

    172.16.66.0/24

    ......

172.16.96.0/19 — a3

    172.16.96.0/24 --- P2P骨干

            172.16.96.0/30

            ......

    172.16.97.0/24 --- MA骨干

            172.16.97.0/29

            ......        

    172.16.98.0/24

    ......

172.16.128.0/19 — a4

    172.16.128.0/24 --- P2P骨干

            172.16.128.0/30

            ......

    172.16.129.0/24 --- MA骨干

            172.16.129.0/29

            ......

    172.16.130.0/24

    ......

172.16.160.0/19 — RIP

    172.16.160.0/20        

    172.16.176.0/20

172.16.192.0/19

172.16.224.0/19

对a0区域的设备进行IP地址及环回地址和缺省路由的配置
AR3

[r3]int s 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip a 34.0.0.1 24
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2

AR4

[isp]int s 4/0/0
[isp-Serial4/0/0]ip a 34.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/0]int s 3/0/0
[isp-Serial3/0/0]ip a 46.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial3/0/0]int s 4/0/1
[isp-Serial4/0/1]ip a 45.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/1]int g0/0/0
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 47.0.0.2 24
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[isp-LoopBack0]ip a 4.4.4.4 24

AR5

[r5]int s 4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip a 45.0.0.1 24
[r5-Serial4/0/0]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.2.1 24
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2

AR6

[r6]int s 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip a 46.0.0.1 24
[r6-Serial4/0/0]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.3.1 24
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2

AR7

[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 47.0.0.1 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.4.1 24
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.2

对R3、R5、R6、R7配置MGRE环境，R3为中心站点。

AR3

[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.1 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

AR5

[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.2 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register

AR6

[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.3 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register

AR7

[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.4 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register

配置a1、a2、a3、a4的IP地址及环回接口
AR1

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.33.1 29
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.34.1 24

AR2

[r2]int g 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.33.2 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.35.1 24

AR3

[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.33.3 29
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.36.1 24

AR6

[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.65.1 29

AR7

[r7]int g 0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.97.1 29

AR8

[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.97.2 29
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.98.1 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.97.9 29

AR9

[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.97.10 29
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.129.1 29
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.130.1 24

AR10

[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.129.2 29
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.131.1 24

AR11

[r11]int g 0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.65.2 29
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.66.1 24
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.65.9 29

AR12

[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.65.10 29
[r12]int lo0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.160.1 20
[r12-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip a 172.16.176.1 20
[r12-LoopBack1]

启动每台设备的OSPF协议
AR1

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR2

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR3

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.7.255

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0

AR5

[r5]ospf 1 rout
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR6

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0

AR7

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0

AR8

[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR9

[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]a 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255

AR10

[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]a 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR11

[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR12

[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]v 2
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

更改tunnel接口的接口类型
AR3

[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

AR5

[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

AR6

[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

AR7

[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

在R12进行重发布，从而可以让运行OSPF的设备学习到域外路由
AR12

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1

将a4更改为域外路由来减少路由信息

AR9

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]a 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]q
[r9-ospf-1]undo a 4
[r9-ospf-1]q
[r9]ospf 2 rout
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2]a 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]de
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

在ABR的设备上做域间路由汇总以及ASBR的设备上做域外路由汇总
AR3

[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

AR6

[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

AR7

[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

AR12

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0

AR9

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

将a1、a2、a3做成特殊区域，来实现路由条目的减少
AR1

[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

AR2

[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

AR3

[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

AR6

[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

AR11

r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

AR12

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

AR7

[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

AR8

[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

AR9

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

对ABR及ASBR做过子网汇总的路由器做空接口来进行防环
AR3

[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0

AR6

[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0

AR7

[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0

AR12

[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0

AR9

[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0

能够进行访问到公网。进行NAT协议的配置
AR3

[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]int s 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

AR5

[r5]acl 2000
[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

AR6

[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]int s 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

AR7

[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

对a1进行区域认证的配置，保证更新安全
AR1

[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

AR2

[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

AR3

[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

加快收敛
AR3

[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

AR5

[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

AR6

[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

AR7

[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

实验结果及验证

AR1

AR10

AR12