[系统运维]2021-07-17

start

一、get startted

docker run -d -p 80:80 docker/getting-started

some flags:

• -d detached mode分离模式
• -p port 端口 主机：container

docker/getting-started 镜像image
combine single character flags to shorten the command:
什么是容器镜像
container: isolated filesystem
image: provide filesystem

the docker dashboard

todo list manager

get the app

1. docker build -t getting-started . tag
2. docker run -dp 3000:3000 getting-started

二、application

dockerfile（创建镜像）

其中：

• -t代表tag
• . 代表在当前文件夹寻找dockerfile

start container(开启容器)

docker run -dp 3000:3000 getting-startted
其中：

• -dp detached mode
• -p port

三、update the application

update the source code

replace the old container

1. get the coontainer ID
   ·docker ps
2. docker stop <the-container-id>
3. docker rm <the-container-id>
4. docker build -t getting-started .
5. docker run -dp 3000:3000 getting-started

四、share the application

create the repo

• 重命名镜像 docker tag getting-started YOUR-USER-NAME/getting-started
• docker push YOUR-USER-NAME/getting-started

五、persist the DB数据持久化

named volumes

• 创建volumes
  docker volume create todo-db
• 挂载mount
  docker run -dp 3000:3000 -v todo-db:/etc/todos getting-started
• 查看named vollumes地址
  docker volume inspect todo-db

bind mounts(挂载点)

volume type comparisons

应用场景:

" With bind mounts, we control the exact mountpoint on the host. We can use this to persist data, but it’s often used to provide additional data into containers. When working on an application, we can use a bind mount to mount our source code into the container to let it see code changes, respond, and let us see the changes right away. "

创建dev container思路：

• Mount our source code into the container
• Install all dependencies, including the “dev” dependencies
• Start nodemon to watch for filesystem changes

实现步骤：

1. 挂载 创建
   docker run -dp 3000:3000 \ -w /app -v "$(pwd):/app" \ node:12-alpine \ sh -c "yarn install && yarn run dev"
2. 查看logs
   docker logs -f <container-id>

五、Multi container apps多容器软件

each container should do one thing and do it well.

container networking（talking to each other）

There are two ways to put a container on a network:

• Assign it at start or
• connect an existing container.

1. Create the network.
   docker network create todo-app
2. 网络别名
   docker run -d \ --network todo-app --network-alias mysql \ -v todo-mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql \ -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=secret \ -e MYSQL_DATABASE=todos \ mysql:5.7
   环境变量：
   -e Environment Variable

 - [ ] mysql 是什么意思

docker exec -it <mysql-container-id> mysql -u root -p
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;

3. 连接mysql
   docker run -it --network todo-app nicolaka/netshoot
dig mysql

六、Use Docker Compose

定义和分享多容器app
define and share multi-container applications

version

docker-compose version

Create the Compose file

docker-compose.yml

 version: "3.7"
 services:

Define the app service

define container

docker run -dp 3000:3000 \
  -w /app -v "$(pwd):/app" \
  --network todo-app \
  -e MYSQL_HOST=mysql \
  -e MYSQL_USER=root \
  -e MYSQL_PASSWORD=secret \
  -e MYSQL_DB=todos \
  node:12-alpine \
  sh -c "yarn install && yarn run dev"