[系统运维]Nginx常用模块的使用（五）：对IP地址和浏览器的限制

对浏览器进行限制

配置文件的修改

 server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.pp.com  alias  web.pp.com;

        location / {
            root   html/pp.com;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
		#对浏览器进行限制，现在只允许谷歌浏览器
        if ($http_user_agent !~* Chrome) {

                return 404;

            }
    }

对IP地址的限制

配置文件的修改

```bash
 server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.pp.com  alias  web.pp.com;

        location / {
            root   html/pp.com;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

           #对ip地址进行限制

             if ($remote_addr ~* 192.168.0.1[0-9]) {

              return 404;

             }
    }

对爬虫进行限制

配置文件的修改

 server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.pp.com  alias  web.pp.com;

        location / {
            root   html/pp.com;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

            if ($http_user_agent ~* python-requests) {

                return 404;

            }
    }

python爬虫伪装成其他浏览器

>>> import requests
>>> headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"}
>>> result = requests.get("http://www.pp.com", headers=headers)
>>> result.text