zabbix

zabbix（[`z?biks]）是一个基于WEB界面的提供分布式系统监视以及网络监视功能的企业级的开源解决方案。
zabbix能监视各种网络参数，保证服务器系统的安全运营；并提供灵活的通知机制以让系统管理员快速定位/解决存在的各种问题。
zabbix由2部分构成，zabbix server与可选组件zabbix agent。
zabbix server可以通过SNMP，zabbix agent，ping，端口监视等方法提供对远程服务器/网络状态的监视，数据收集等功能，它可以运行在Linux，Solaris，HP-UX，AIX，Free BSD，Open BSD，OS X等平台上。

安装使用

zabbix agent需要安装在被监视的目标服务器上，它主要完成对硬件信息或与操作系统有关的内存，CPU等信息的收集。zabbix agent可以运行在Linux,Solaris,HP-UX,AIX,Free BSD,Open BSD, OS X, Tru64/OSF1, Windows NT4.0, Windows (2000/2003/XP/Vista)等系统之上。
zabbix server可以单独监视远程服务器的服务状态；同时也可以与zabbix agent配合，可以轮询zabbix agent主动接收监视数据（agent方式），同时还可被动接收zabbix agent发送的数据（trapping方式）。

zabbix词汇

zabbix server,服务端，收集数据，写入数据
zabbix agent,部署在被监控的机器上，是一个进程，和zabbix server进行交互，以及负责执行命令
Host, 服务器的概念，指zabbix监控的实体，服务器，交换机等
Hosts，主机组
Applications，应用
Events，事件
Media，发送通知的通道
Remote command,远程命令
Template，模板
Item, 对于某一个指标的监控，称之为Items, 如某台服务器的内存使用状况，就是一个item监控项
Trigger, 触发器，定义报警的逻辑，有正常，异常，未知三个状态
Action，当Trigger符合设定值后，zabbix指定的动作，如发个邮件给运维，说服务器有问题了

安装部署zabbix 5.0

需求
zabbix server 192.168.20.11
zabbix client 192.168.20.22

zabbix server

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname server
[root@localhost ~]# su
[root@server ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm          //获取zabbix的下载源
获取https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
警告：/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.YVusdK: 头V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密钥 ID a14fe591: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7         ################################# [100%]

[root@server ~]# sed -i 's#http://repo.zabbix.com#https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix#' /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo       更换zabbix.repo源为阿里

[root@server ~]# yum clean all              //清空缓存
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
正在清理软件源： base extras updates zabbix zabbix-non-supported
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@server ~]# yum makecache

[root@server ~]# yum -y install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-agent         

[root@server ~]# yum -y install centos-release-scl           //php的扩展插件
[root@server ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo            //修改前端源
          
[zabbix-frontend]
enabled=1               //0改为1表示开启这里的参数


[root@server ~]# yum -y install zabbix-web-mysql-scl zabbix-apache-conf-scl       //8、安装zabbix前端环境,且安装到scl环境下
[root@server ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 

mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;      //创建zabbix数据库 设置编码
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create user zabbix@localhost identified by '123';   //创建zabbix用户
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;        //授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;                //刷新权限表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

[root@server ~]#  zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix                       //导入数据库信息
Enter password: 
[root@server ~]# mysql -uzabbix -p123           //zabbix登录
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
t.

mysql> use zabbix;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix           |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges               |
| actions                    |
| alerts                     |
| application_discovery      |
| application_prototype      |
| application_template       |
| applications               |
| auditlog                   |
| auditlog_details           |
| autoreg_host               |
| conditions                 |
| config                     |
| config_autoreg_tls         |
| corr_condition             |
| corr_condition_group       |
| corr_condition_tag         |
| corr_condition_tagpair     |
| corr_condition_tagvalue    |
| corr_operation             |
| correlation                |
| dashboard                  |
| dashboard_user             |
| dashboard_usrgrp           |
| dbversion                  |
| dchecks                    |
| dhosts                     |
| drules                     |
| dservices                  |
| escalations                |
| event_recovery             |
| event_suppress             |
| event_tag                  |
| events                     |
| expressions                |
| functions                  |
| globalmacro                |
| globalvars                 |
| graph_discovery            |
| graph_theme                |
| graphs                     |
| graphs_items               |
| group_discovery            |
| group_prototype            |
| history                    |
| history_log                |
| history_str                |
| history_text               |
| history_uint               |
| host_discovery             |
| host_inventory             |
| host_tag                   |
| hostmacro                  |
| hosts                      |
| hosts_groups               |
| hosts_templates            |
| housekeeper                |
| hstgrp                     |
| httpstep                   |
| httpstep_field             |
| httpstepitem               |
| httptest                   |
| httptest_field             |
| httptestitem               |
| icon_map                   |
| icon_mapping               |
| ids                        |
| images                     |
| interface                  |
| interface_discovery        |
| interface_snmp             |
| item_application_prototype |
| item_condition             |
| item_discovery             |
| item_preproc               |
| item_rtdata                |
| items                      |
| items_applications         |
| lld_macro_path             |
| lld_override               |
| lld_override_condition     |
| lld_override_opdiscover    |
| lld_override_operation     |
| lld_override_ophistory     |
| lld_override_opinventory   |
| lld_override_opperiod      |
| lld_override_opseverity    |
| lld_override_opstatus      |
| lld_override_optag         |
| lld_override_optemplate    |
| lld_override_optrends      |
| maintenance_tag            |
| maintenances               |
| maintenances_groups        |
| maintenances_hosts         |
| maintenances_windows       |
| mappings                   |
| media                      |
| media_type                 |
| media_type_message         |
| media_type_param           |
| module                     |
| opcommand                  |
| opcommand_grp              |
| opcommand_hst              |
| opconditions               |
| operations                 |
| opgroup                    |
| opinventory                |
| opmessage                  |
| opmessage_grp              |
| opmessage_usr              |
| optemplate                 |
| problem                    |
| problem_tag                |
| profiles                   |
| proxy_autoreg_host         |
| proxy_dhistory             |
| proxy_history              |
| regexps                    |
| rights                     |
| screen_user                |
| screen_usrgrp              |
| screens                    |
| screens_items              |
| scripts                    |
| service_alarms             |
| services                   |
| services_links             |
| services_times             |
| sessions                   |
| slides                     |
| slideshow_user             |
| slideshow_usrgrp           |
| slideshows                 |
| sysmap_element_trigger     |
| sysmap_element_url         |
| sysmap_shape               |
| sysmap_url                 |
| sysmap_user                |
| sysmap_usrgrp              |
| sysmaps                    |
| sysmaps_elements           |
| sysmaps_link_triggers      |
| sysmaps_links              |
| tag_filter                 |
| task                       |
| task_acknowledge           |
| task_check_now             |
| task_close_problem         |
| task_data                  |
| task_remote_command        |
| task_remote_command_result |
| task_result                |
| timeperiods                |
| trends                     |
| trends_uint                |
| trigger_depends            |
| trigger_discovery          |
| trigger_tag                |
| triggers                   |
| users                      |
| users_groups               |
| usrgrp                     |
| valuemaps                  |
| widget                     |
| widget_field               |
+----------------------------+
166 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> exit
Bye
[root@server ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf     //修改zabbix server配置文件，并修改数据库密码

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server ~]# vim /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf  //在最后一行添加时区

php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai


[root@server ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm
[root@server ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-agent.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rh-php72-php-fpm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rh-php72-php-fpm.service.

在这里插入图片描述

client端

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname client
[root@client ~]# su
[root@client ~]# ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com          //同步时间
31 Aug 22:24:12 ntpdate[97101]: adjust time server 203.107.6.88 offset -0.001576 sec
您在 /var/spool/mail/root 中有新邮件
[root@client ~]# mv /etc/localtime{,.bak}
[root@client ~]# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

[root@client ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
获取https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
警告：/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.qAR3nc: 头V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密钥 ID a14fe591: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7         ################################# [100%]
   
[root@client ~]# sed -i 's#http://repo.zabbix.com#https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix#' /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo

[root@client ~]# yum -y install zabbix-agent2	

[root@client ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf  
Server=192.168.20.11                 //指定server ip
ServerActive=192.168.20.11            //同上
Hostname=Zabbix-agent01          //修改name多台的话不可重复
[root@localhost ~]#  grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.pid
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.log
LogFileSize=0
Server=192.168.20.11
ServerActive=192.168.20.11
Hostname=Zabbix-agent01
Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/*.conf
ControlSocket=/tmp/agent.sock

[root@client ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent2.service    /重启

server端检测

[root@server ~]# yum -y install zabbix-get
[root@server ~]# zabbix_get -s '192.168.20.22' -p 10050 -k 'system.hostname'
client
[root@server~]#  zabbix_get -s '192.168.20.22' -p 10050 -k 'agent.ping'
1              //表示成功