[系统运维]centos安装python3

centos安装python3

1、查看安装默认安装位置

whereis python

2、python2.7默认安装是在 /usr/bin目录中，切换到/usr/bin/

cd /usr/bin/

3、安装相关的依赖包

yum install -y epel-release zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make

4、安装pip

yum install python-pip

5、安装wget

pip install wget

6、下载python3安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/Python-3.6.8.tar.xz

7、编译python3源码包，解压

xz -d Python-3.6.8.tar.xz
tar -xf Python-3.6.8.tar

8、进入解压后的目录，依次执行下面命令进行手动编译

cd Python-3.6.8

./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3

make && make install

9、安装依赖zlib、zlib-deve

yum install zlib zlib
yum install zlib zlib-devel

10、添加软链接，将原来的链接备份

mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip.bak

11、添加python3的软链接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
# 设置环境变量
vi /etc/profile
# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/python3/bin
source /etc/profile

12、测试是否安装成功了

python -V

13、保证pythonh2正常使用

vi /usr/bin/yum
#! /usr/bin/python2
vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
#! /usr/bin/python2