[系统运维]Harbor构建

一、Harbor 的优势

1、基于角色控制:有管理员与普通用户，可赋权普通用户，比如只能上传和下载，可根据项目来进行操作和管理
2、基于镜像的复制策略:也与权限相关，比如有只一些用户与组才能对此项目进行相对应的操作
3、支持 LDAP/AD:域控制，比如南京去下载北京harbor私有仓库的镜像，两端打上局域网的地址，连接在一块，数据信息的传输通过一条隧道，会通过两层加密，第一层为隧道加密，第二层为数据加密，安全可靠
4、图像删除和垃圾收集:即回收站机制
5、图形UI:具有统计功能，比如访问量与镜像下载热度
6、审计:日志，这里意义不大，主要还是借助于 ELK
7、RESTful API:定义 web 语言规范的格式，方便调用 Harbor 的接口，也便于二次开发

二Harbor的核心组件

组件	                            作用
Proxy	通过一个前置的反向代理统一接收浏览器、Docker客户端的请求，并将请求转发给后端不同的服务
Registry	(核心组件)负责储存Docker镜像，并处理docker push/pull命令
Core services	Harbor的核心功能， 包括UI、webhook、 token服务
Database	为core services提供数据库服务
Log collector	负责收集其他组件的log，供日后进行分析

可选参数

Email: Harbor需要该参数才能向用户发送“密码重置”电子邮件，并且只有在需要该功能时才需要。
请注意，在默认情况下SSL连接时没有启用。如果SMTP服务器需要SSL,但不支持STARTTLS,那么应该通过设置启用sSL email_ssl = TRUE。
harbour_admin_password:管理员的初始密码，只在Harbour第一次启动时生效。之后，此设置将被忽略，并且应u中设置管理员的密码。
请注意，默认的用户名/密码是admin/Harbor12345。
auth_mode:使用的认证类型，默认情况下，它是 db_auth，即凭据存储在数据库中。对于LDAP身份验证(以文件形式验证)，请将其设置为ldap_auth。
self_registration:启用/禁用用户注册功能。禁用时，新用户只能由 Admin用户创建，只有管理员用户可以在 Harbour中创建新用户。
Token_expiration:由令牌服务创建的令牌的到期时间（分钟），默认为 30 分钟。
project_creation_restriction:用于控制哪些用户有权创建项目的标志。默认情况下，每个人都可以创建一个项目。
verify_remote_cert:打开或关闭，默认打开。此标志决定了当Harbor与远程register实例通信时是否验证SSL/TLS证书。
将此属性设置为off 将绕过SSL/TLS验证，这在远程实例具有自签名或不可信证书时经常使用。

部署harbor服务

1、下载harbor安装程序

wget http:// harbor.orientsoft.cn/harbor-1.2.2/harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz
或者上传压缩包harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz
tar zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz -C /usr/local/

2、配置harbor参数文件

[root@docker1 ~]# vim /usr/local/harbor/harbor.cfg 

3、启动 Harbor
启动之前先确认Docker-Compose 版本安装是否成功

上传docker-compose安装包
[root@docker1 ~]# chmod +x docker-compose 
[root@docker1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  docker-compose                       initial-setup-ks.cfg  公共  视频  文档  音乐
daemon           harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz  nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz   模板  图片  下载  桌面
[root@docker1 ~]# cp docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
[root@docker1 ~]# docker-compose -v
docker-compose version 1.21.1, build 5a3f1a3
[root@docker1 ~]# sh /usr/local/harbor/install.sh

4、查看 Harbor 启动镜像

[root@harbor harbor]# cd /usr/local/harbor/
[root@harbor harbor]# docker-compose ps		##查看当前运行的容器
       Name                     Command               State                                                Ports                                             
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
harbor-adminserver   /harbor/harbor_adminserver       Up                                                                                                     
harbor-db            docker-entrypoint.sh mysqld      Up      3306/tcp                                                                                       
harbor-jobservice    /harbor/harbor_jobservice        Up                                                                                                     
harbor-log           /bin/sh -c crond && rm -f  ...   Up      127.0.0.1:1514->514/tcp                                                                        
harbor-ui            /harbor/harbor_ui                Up                                                                                                     
nginx                nginx -g daemon off;             Up      0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp,:::443->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4443->4443/tcp,:::4443->4443/tcp,                
                                                              0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp,:::80->80/tcp                                                               
registry             /entrypoint.sh serve /etc/ ...   Up      5000/tcp
[root@harbor harbor]# cat /usr/local/harbor/docker-compose.yml 	##查看文件内容；7个组件的详细信息
version: '2'
services:
  log:
    image: vmware/harbor-log:v1.2.2
    container_name: harbor-log 
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /var/log/harbor/:/var/log/docker/:z
    ports:
      - 127.0.0.1:1514:514
    networks:
      - harbor
  registry:
    image: vmware/registry:2.6.2-photon
    container_name: registry
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /data/registry:/storage:z
      - ./common/config/registry/:/etc/registry/:z
    networks:
      - harbor
    environment:
      - GODEBUG=netdns=cgo
    command:
      ["serve", "/etc/registry/config.yml"]
    depends_on:
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:  
        syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
        tag: "registry"
  mysql:
    image: vmware/harbor-db:v1.2.2
    container_name: harbor-db
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /data/database:/var/lib/mysql:z
    networks:
      - harbor
    env_file:
      - ./common/config/db/env
    depends_on:
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:  
        syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
        tag: "mysql"
  adminserver:
    image: vmware/harbor-adminserver:v1.2.2
    container_name: harbor-adminserver
    env_file:
      - ./common/config/adminserver/env
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /data/config/:/etc/adminserver/config/:z
      - /data/secretkey:/etc/adminserver/key:z
      - /data/:/data/:z
    networks:
      - harbor
    depends_on:
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:  
        syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
        tag: "adminserver"
  ui:
    image: vmware/harbor-ui:v1.2.2
    container_name: harbor-ui
    env_file:
      - ./common/config/ui/env
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./common/config/ui/app.conf:/etc/ui/app.conf:z
      - ./common/config/ui/private_key.pem:/etc/ui/private_key.pem:z
      - /data/secretkey:/etc/ui/key:z
      - /data/ca_download/:/etc/ui/ca/:z
      - /data/psc/:/etc/ui/token/:z
    networks:
      - harbor
    depends_on:
      - log
      - adminserver
      - registry
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:  
        syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
        tag: "ui"
  jobservice:
    image: vmware/harbor-jobservice:v1.2.2
    container_name: harbor-jobservice
    env_file:
      - ./common/config/jobservice/env
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /data/job_logs:/var/log/jobs:z
      - ./common/config/jobservice/app.conf:/etc/jobservice/app.conf:z
      - /data/secretkey:/etc/jobservice/key:z
    networks:
      - harbor
    depends_on:
      - ui
      - adminserver
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:  
        syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
        tag: "jobservice"
  proxy:
    image: vmware/nginx-photon:1.11.13
    container_name: nginx
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./common/config/nginx:/etc/nginx:z
    networks:
      - harbor
    ports:
      - 80:80
      - 443:443
      - 4443:4443
    depends_on:
      - mysql
      - registry
      - ui
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:  
        syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
        tag: "proxy"
networks:
  harbor:
    external: false

5、访问harbor的UI界面
打开浏览器访问 http://192.168.35.40 的管理页面，默认 的管理员用户名和密码是 admin/Harbor12345。


6、命令行登录harbor

1. Harbor 服务器基于本地操作
   使用 Docker 命令在本地通过 127.0.0.1 来登录和推送镜像。默认情况下，Register 服务器在端口 80 上侦听。

[root@harbor harbor]# docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 http://127.0.0.1	##//登录
....
Login Succeeded
[root@harbor harbor]# docker pull cirros		##下载镜像进行测试
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/cirros
d0b405be7a32: Pull complete 
bd054094a037: Pull complete 
c6a00de1ec8a: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:1e695eb2772a2b511ccab70091962d1efb9501fdca804eb1d52d21c0933e7f47
Status: Downloaded newer image for cirros:latest
docker.io/library/cirros:latest
[root@harbor harbor]# docker tag cirros:latest 127.0.0.1/mytest/cirros:v1	##镜像打标签
[root@harbor harbor]# docker push 127.0.0.1/mytest/cirros:v1
The push refers to repository [127.0.0.1/mytest-test/cirros]
984ad441ec3d: Preparing 
f0a496d92efa: Preparing 
e52d19c3bee2: Preparing 
denied: requested access to the resource is denied 
[root@harbor harbor]# docker tag cirros:latest 127.0.0.1/mytest/cirros	##镜像打标签
[root@harbor harbor]# docker push 127.0.0.1/mytest/cirros	##上传镜像到Harbor
Using default tag: latest
The push refers to repository [127.0.0.1/mytest/cirros]
984ad441ec3d: Pushed 
f0a496d92efa: Pushed 
e52d19c3bee2: Pushed 
latest: digest: sha256:483f15ac97d03dc3d4dcf79cf71ded2e099cf76c340f3fdd0b3670a40a198a22 size: 943

2. Harbor 服务器非本地操作

[root@client ~]# docker login  -u admin -p Harbor12345 http://192.168.235.156		##非本地登录会报错
WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.
Error response from daemon: Get https://192.168.35.40/v2/: EOF
 [root@client ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service		##指向私有仓库地址
 13 ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --insecure-registry 192.168.235.156 --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
 [root@client ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@client ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@harbor harbor]# docker login  -u admin -p Harbor12345 http://192.168.235.156
WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded
[root@client ~]# docker pull cirros
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/cirros
Digest: sha256:1e695eb2772a2b511ccab70091962d1efb9501fdca804eb1d52d21c0933e7f47
Status: Image is up to date for cirros:latest
docker.io/library/cirros:latest
[root@client ~]# docker tag cirros 192.168.235.156/myproject-kgc/cirros:v2
[root@harbor harbor]# docker tag cirros:latest 192.168.235.156/mytest/cirros:1
[root@harbor harbor]# 
[root@harbor harbor]# docker push 192.168.235.156/mytest/cirros:1
The push refers to repository [192.168.235.156/mytest/cirros]
984ad441ec3d: Layer already exists 
f0a496d92efa: Layer already exists 
e52d19c3bee2: Layer already exists 
1: digest: sha256:483f15ac97d03dc3d4dcf79cf71ded2e099cf76c340f3fdd0b3670a40a198a22 size: 943

7、harbor用户管理
1、创建 Harbor 用户
系统管理----用户管理----+用户----输入用户名、邮箱、全名、密码

//在客户端上操作
[root@harbor harbor]# docker rmi 192.168.235.156/mytest/cirros		##删除之前下载的镜像
Untagged: 192.168.23.156/mytest/cirros:latest
[root@client ~]# docker logout 192.168.235.157		##注销登录
Removing login credentials for 192.168.235.157
 [root@harbor harbor]# docker login -u zhangsan -p Harbor12345 http://192.168.235.156	##登录
WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded
[root@harbor harbor]# docker pull 192.168.235.156/mytest/cirros:latest
latest: Pulling from mytest/cirros
Digest: sha256:483f15ac97d03dc3d4dcf79cf71ded2e099cf76c340f3fdd0b3670a40a198a22
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.235.156/mytest/cirros:latest
192.168.235.156/mytest/cirros:latest

8、维护管理Harbor
可以使用 docker-compose 来管理 Harbor。一些有用的命令如下所示，必须在与docker-compose.yml 相同的目录中运行。
修改 Harbor.cfg 配置文件
要更改 Harbour 的配置文件时，请先停止现有的 Harbour 实例并更新 Harbor.cfg；然后运行 prepare 脚本来填充配置；最后重新创建并启动 Harbour 的实例