日志文件目录
/var/log/
日志分类
? ? ? ? 系统日志??
? ? ? ? ? ? /var/log/messages??
Oct 10 09:04:29 localhost kernel: SELinux: ?Initializing.
Oct 10 09:04:29 localhost kernel: Yama: becoming mindful.
Oct 10 09:04:29 localhost kernel: Dentry cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes)
Oct 10 09:04:29 localhost kernel: Inode-cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
Oct 10 09:04:29 localhost kernel: Mount-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Oct 10 09:04:29 localhost kernel: Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
? ? ? ? 登录日志?
? ? ? ? ? ? /var/log/secure
Oct 16 17:02:49 localhost sshd[54297]: Bad protocol version identification '' from 192.168.0.1 port 28077
Oct 16 17:07:40 localhost gdm-password]: pam_unix(gdm-password:auth): conversation failed
Oct 16 17:07:40 localhost gdm-password]: pam_unix(gdm-password:auth): auth could not identify password for [linux]
Oct 16 17:07:40 localhost gdm-password]: gkr-pam: no password is available for user
Oct 16 17:07:46 localhost unix_chkpwd[54356]: password check failed for user (linux)
? ? ? ? 邮件日志
? ? ? ? ? ? /var/log/maillog
Oct 10 10:09:39 localhost postfix/postfix-script[1780]: starting the Postfix mail system
Oct 10 10:09:39 localhost postfix/master[1810]: daemon started -- version 2.10.1, configuration /etc/postfix
Oct 16 13:49:48 localhost postfix/postfix-script[1718]: starting the Postfix mail system
Oct 16 13:49:48 localhost postfix/master[1729]: daemon started -- version 2.10.1, configuration /etc/postfix
?
? ? ? ? 程序日志 ?
日志的管理服务
? ? ? ? 日志配置文件解读
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 目录/etc/rsyslog.config
rsyslog configuration file? ?#日志配置文件
# For more information see /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-*/rsyslog_conf.html
# If you experience problems, see http://www.rsyslog.com/doc/troubleshoot.html
#### MODULES ####? ? #模块处理日志的木块程序
# The imjournal module bellow is now used as a message source instead of imuxsock.
$ModLoad imuxsock # provides support for local system logging (e.g. via logger command)
$ModLoad imjournal # provides access to the systemd journal
#$ModLoad imklog # reads kernel messages (the same are read from journald)
#$ModLoad immark ?# provides --MARK-- message capability
# Provides UDP syslog reception? ?使用udp协议传输
#$ModLoad imudp
#$UDPServerRun 514
# Provides TCP syslog reception? ?使用tcp协议传输
#$ModLoad imtcp
#$InputTCPServerRun 514
#### GLOBAL DIRECTIVES ####? ? 全局配置
# Where to place auxiliary files
$WorkDirectory /var/lib/rsyslog
# Use default timestamp format? ? ? 日志的时间格式
$ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat
# File syncing capability is disabled by default. This feature is usually not required,
# not useful and an extreme performance hit
#$ActionFileEnableSync on
# Include all config files in /etc/rsyslog.d/? ? 只要是/eyc/rsyslog.d/目录下以.conf结尾的文件都可以配置日志
$IncludeConfig /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
# Turn off message reception via local log socket;
# local messages are retrieved through imjournal now.
$OmitLocalLogging on
# File to store the position in the journal
$IMJournalStateFile imjournal.state
#### RULES ####? ? ?日志的规则
# Log all kernel messages to the console.
# Logging much else clutters up the screen.
#kern.* ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? /dev/console
# Log anything (except mail) of level info or higher.
# Don't log private authentication messages!
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?/var/log/messages
# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.* ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?/var/log/secure
# Log all the mail messages in one place.
mail.* ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?-/var/log/maillog
# Log cron stuff
cron.* ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?/var/log/cron
# Everybody gets emergency messages
*.emerg ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? :omusrmsg:*
# Save news errors of level crit and higher in a special file.
uucp,news.crit ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?/var/log/spooler
# Save boot messages also to boot.log
local7.* ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?/var/log/boot.log
# ### begin forwarding rule ###? ?重定向规则
# The statement between the begin ... end define a SINGLE forwarding
# rule. They belong together, do NOT split them. If you create multiple
# forwarding rules, duplicate the whole block!
# Remote Logging (we use TCP for reliable delivery)
#
# An on-disk queue is created for this action. If the remote host is
# down, messages are spooled to disk and sent when it is up again.
#$ActionQueueFileName fwdRule1 # unique name prefix for spool files
#$ActionQueueMaxDiskSpace 1g ? # 1gb space limit (use as much as possible)
#$ActionQueueSaveOnShutdown on # save messages to disk on shutdown
#$ActionQueueType LinkedList ? # run asynchronously
#$ActionResumeRetryCount -1 ? ?# infinite retries if host is down
# remote host is: name/ip:port, e.g. 192.168.0.1:514, port optional
#*.* @@remote-host:514
# ### end of the forwarding rule ###? ? ?
?
日志级别: debug, info, notice, warning, warn (same as warning), err, error (same as err),
? ? ? ?crit, alert, emerg, panic (same as emerg).?
? ? ? ? ? 从前到后越来越严重? ?
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?/var/log/messages
上面的配置的意思是除了邮件服务，登录服务，计划服务外的其他所有info级别以上的日志都存在/var/log/messages文件中
其中'.'前面的表示服务，后面的表示级别，none表示不记录，*表示通配所有服务的info级别以上
mail是邮件服务 ，authpriv是登录服务，cron为计划任务服务
配置日志备份
发送端配置
? ? ? ? vim /etc/rsyslog.conf
? ? ? ? 配置发往哪里
????????authpriv.*?@@192.168.36.5:514? ??
? ? ? ? 把登录服务的所有级别的日志发送至192.168.36.5备份服务器
? ? ? ? 关闭selinux
? ? ? ? setenforce 0? ? ?关闭selinux
? ? ? ? getenforce? ? ? ? ?查看selinux的状态
? ? ? ? 重启日志服务
? ? ? ? service rsyslog restart
接收端配置
? ? ? ? 打开tcp接受
????????# Provides TCP syslog reception? ?使用tcp协议传输
????????#$ModLoad imtcp
????????#$InputTCPServerRun 514
? ? ? ?配置接受地址和储存地址
????????:formhost-ip,isequal,"192.168.36.5" /var/log/client/192.168.36.5.log? ? ?表示接受192.168.36.5的日志并存在/var/log/client/192.168.36.5.log
? ? ? ? 重启日志服务
? ? ? ? service rsyslog restart?
? ? ? ? 查看514端口是否开启
? ? ? ? ss -antp|grep 514
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
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