[系统运维]Linux开机自动获取本机公网IP并发送至指定邮箱

前言

当我们需要远程连接自己的Linux计算机时，可以使用ssh命令，但是需要我们获取目标计算机的公网ip。以下是使用Python实现的开机自动获取本地并发送至指定邮箱的小脚本。

?

实现步骤

1.引入库

需要获取公网地址，我这里选择的是通过requests库，发送邮箱需要使用smtplip库。

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import requests

2.地址获取

代码如下：

def getUrl(url):
    try:
        r = requests.get(url)
        r.raise_for_status()  # 抛出异常
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
        return r.text
    except:
        return "请求发生错误错误"

获取IP地址的路径为：http://ip.42.pl/raw

3.邮件发送

代码如下：

# 发送邮件
def send_msg(urlText):
    fromaddr = '*********@qq.com'  # 发送邮件的邮箱
    password = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa'  # 邮箱的授权码，注意不是密码
    toaddrs = ['#########@qq.com'] #目标邮箱
    m = MIMEMultipart()
    content = urlText # 邮件正文内容
    textApart = MIMEText(content)
    m.attach(textApart)
    m['Subject'] = 'Linux IP' # 邮件标题

    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.qq.com')
        server.login(fromaddr, password)
        server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, m.as_string())
        server.quit()
        print('success!')
    except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
        print('error:', e)  # 打印错误

4.Linux开机自启脚本

1.修改/etc/rc.d/rc.local为

#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
?
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
source /xxx/Desktop/main.sh

2.修改文件权限

chmod 777 rc.local

5.完整代码实现

#!/usr/bin/python


import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import requests


def getUrl(url):
    try:
        r = requests.get(url)
        r.raise_for_status()  # 抛出异常
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
        return r.text
    except:
        return "请求发生错误错误"


# 发送邮件
def send_msg(urlText):
    fromaddr = ''  
    password = ''  
    toaddrs = ['']
    m = MIMEMultipart()
    content = urlText
    textApart = MIMEText(content)
    m.attach(textApart)
    m['Subject'] = 'Linux IP'

    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.qq.com')
        server.login(fromaddr, password)
        server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, m.as_string())
        server.quit()
        print('success!')
    except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
        print('error:', e)  # 打印错误


if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = 'http://ip.42.pl/raw'
    print(getUrl(url))
    send_msg(getUrl(url))