[系统运维]nginx在linux下的部署配置

一、nginx部署

依赖库的安装包下载：

yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

【pcre zlib openssl】?也可以提前下载安装包进行离线安装。

https://pkgs.org/https://pkgs.org/

?nginx源码包下载：https://nginx.org/en/download.htmlhttps://nginx.org/en/download.html

下载完成后，执行解压缩、配置、编译、安装命令：

# tar zxvf nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz
# ./configure
# make
# make install

安装成功后，查看nginx支持命令：

[root@ ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -h
nginx version: nginx/1.20.1
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-p prefix]
             [-e filename] [-c filename] [-g directives]

Options:
  -?,-h         : this help
  -v            : show version and exit
  -V            : show version and configure options then exit
  -t            : test configuration and exit
  -T            : test configuration, dump it and exit
  -q            : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
  -s signal     : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
  -p prefix     : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/)
  -e filename   : set error log file (default: logs/error.log)
  -c filename   : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)
  -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file

二、nginx配置

使用默认配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

例子：为了解决10.0.0.9的HTTP服务无法被外部访问的问题，通过开放server(10.0.0.1)部署nginx，然后通过代理间接访问10.0.0.9的http服务。

?(代理10.0.0.9的54321【HTTP】端口)

#user  nginx;
worker_processes  10;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 307200;
events
{
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 40460;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  mysql.com;

        access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

        location / {
            proxy_pass    http://10.0.0.9:54321/;
            proxy_redirect default;
        }
        location /phpmyadmin/ {
            proxy_pass    http://10.0.0.9:54321/phpmyadmin/;
            proxy_redirect default;
        }
    }
}

本地主机绑定host：?10.0.0.1 ? ?mysql.com

然后访问mysql页面： http://mysql.com/phpmyadmin/??

到此，nginx的安装及部署已成功。

遇到的问题：

登陆mysql时，输入用户名密码后报如下错误：

?Failed to set session cookie. Maybe you are using HTTP instead of HTTPS to access phpMyAdmin.

问题原因：URL代理导致，使用了http://mysql.com/mysql/?【mysql】，未使用【phpmyadmin】

# location /phpmyadmin/ {
# ? proxy_pass ? ?http://10.0.0.9:54321/phpmyadmin/;
# ? proxy_redirect default;
# }

# mysql 
location /mysql/ {
 ? proxy_pass ? ?http://10.0.0.9:54321/phpmyadmin/;
 ? proxy_redirect default;
}