[系统运维]CentOS Docker安装No space left on device失败

CentOS Docker安装No space left on device失败

在使用centos/7安装Docker的时候，因为磁盘满了引发No space left on device导致安装失败。

按Docker官网给出的命令安装时，报错 rpmdb open failed；

C:\Users\zy>vagrant ssh
Last login: Sun Nov 14 12:39:52 2021 from 10.0.2.2
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install -y yum-utils \
>   device-mapper-persistent-data \
>   lvm2
error: db5 error(28) from dbenv->open: No space left on device
error: cannot open Packages index using db5 - No space left on device (28)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
CRITICAL:yum.main:

Error: rpmdb open failed

按报错百度大概就两个解决方案：
1、将原rpmdb文件都更名为结尾带.bak的文件
2、重建rpm数据库
https://www.jianshu.com/p/c531e28de195

方法2是比较有用的；

在重建rpm数据库的时候又因为磁盘满了而失败，错误信息：No space left on device

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ rpm --rebuilddb
error: can't create transaction lock on /var/lib/rpm/.rpm.lock (Permission denied)
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ su
Password:
[root@localhost vagrant]# rpm --rebuilddb
error: failed to create directory /var/lib/rpmrebuilddb.958: No space left on device

因为是头一次玩就很迷惑，csdn一些老哥的经验；是要去看磁盘和inode

df -h 后能直接看到 /dev/sda1 路径下已经100%了；

[root@localhost vagrant]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        237M     0  237M   0% /dev
tmpfs           244M     0  244M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           244M  4.5M  240M   2% /run
tmpfs           244M     0  244M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1        40G   40G  148K 100% /
tmpfs            49M     0   49M   0% /run/user/1000

我为了简单操作，直接进入根目录下# du -h --max-depth=1；能看出占用空间最大的文件夹

[root@localhost dev]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# du -h --max-depth=1
0       ./dev
du: cannot access ‘./proc/2014/task/2014/fd/3’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘./proc/2014/task/2014/fdinfo/3’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘./proc/2014/fd/4’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘./proc/2014/fdinfo/4’: No such file or directory
0       ./proc
4.5M    ./run
0       ./sys
32M     ./etc
36K     ./root
61M     ./var
0       ./tmp
829M    ./usr
27M     ./boot
20K     ./home
0       ./media
0       ./mnt
0       ./opt
0       ./srv
37G     ./vagrant
40G     .
[root@localhost /]#

再进入占用空间最大的 /vagrant 文件夹下（注意最下面的40G说的是总大小）

随后不断使用上述的# du -h --max-depth=1指令；找到占满磁盘的文件；谨慎删除；

删除后重试重建数据库，成功；

[root@localhost Application Data]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# cd /var/lib/rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rm -f __db.*
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm --rebuilddb
[root@localhost rpm]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base extras updates

重新安装，成功；

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install -y yum-utils   device-mapper-persistent-data   lvm2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cn99.com
 * extras: mirrors.dgut.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.dgut.edu.cn
base                                                                                             | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
(1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                                    | 153 kB  00:00:00
(2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                | 243 kB  00:00:01
(3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                  | 6.1 MB  00:00:02
(4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                               |  12 MB  00:00:44
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check

...
...
...

Dependency Updated:
  device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5                device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5

Complete!
[vagrant@localhost ~]$

参考：
1、linux磁盘满了怎样清理
2、无法从 /var/lib/rpm 打开软件包数据库
3、使用yum时出现Error: rpmdb open failed解决方案