配置基于全局地址池的DHCP

原理概述：

? ? ? 基于接口地址池的DHCP服务器，连接这个接口网段的用户都从该接口地址池中获取IP地址等配置信息，由于地址池绑定在特定的接口上，可以限制用户的使用条件，因为在保障了安全性的同时也存在一定局限性。当用户从不同接口接入DHCP服务器且需要从同一个地址池里获取IP地址池时，就需要配置基于全局地址池的DHCP。

? ? ? 配置基于全局地址池的DHCP服务器，从所有接口上连接的用户都可以选择该地址池中的地址，也就是说全局地址池是一个公共地址池。在DHCP服务器上创建地址池并配置相关属性(包括地址范围、地址租期、不参与自动分配的IP地址等)，再配置接口工作在全局地址池模式，路由器支持工作在全局地址池模式的接口有三层接口及其子接口，三层Ethernet接口及其子网接口、三层Eth-Trunk接口及其子接口和VLANIF接口。

实验目的：

掌握DHCP Server配置方法

掌握基于全局地址池的DHCP Server配置方法

掌握配置DHCP租期/网关地址/不参与自动分配地址方法

掌握配置和检测DHCP客户端的方法

我们接下来开始实验：

接口配置如下：

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

?ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 //配置接口地址

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

?ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0

#

interface NULL0

#

user-interface con 0

?authentication-mode password

user-interface vty 0 4

user-interface vty 16 20

#

wlan ac

#

return

[Huawei]dh

[Huawei]dhcne

[Huawei]dh

[Huawei]dhcp en

[Huawei]dhcp enable ?//开启DHCP服务

Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.

[Huawei]dis th?//查看

[V200R003C00]

#

?snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000

?snmp-agent

#

?clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00

#

portal local-server load portalpage.zip

#

?drop illegal-mac alarm

#

?set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75

#

dhcp enable

#

return

[Huawei]ip pool w1???//创建地址池为W1

Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.?//创建成功

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]net

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]network 192.168.1.0

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]le

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]lease d

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]lease day 2??//地址租期为2天

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]g

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]gateway-list 192.168.1.254?//配置DHCP客户端的出口网关

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]ex

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.250 192.168.1.253?

//配置地址池中192。168.1.250到192.168.1.253这些地址不参与自动分配；

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]dh

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]dn

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]dns-list 8.8.8.8??//配置DNS服务器地址

[Huawei-ip-pool-w1]dis th??//查看当前配置信息

[V200R003C00]

#

ip pool w1

?gateway-list 192.168.1.254

?network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0

?excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.250 192.168.1.253

?lease day 2 hour 0 minute 0

?dns-list 8.8.8.8

#

Return

开启接口的DHCP功能；

[Huawei]int g0/0/0

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dh

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp se

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select g

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global //开启接口DHCP服务模式

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis th

[V200R003C00]

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

?ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

?dhcp select global

配置另一个：同理，命令如下

[Huawei]ip pol

[Huawei]ip policy-based-rout

[Huawei]ip policy-based-route

[Huawei]ip pool

[Huawei]ip pool w2

Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]net

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]netbios-type

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]network 192.168.2.0

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]le

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]lease d

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]lease day 2

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]g

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]gateway-list 192.168.2.254

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]dh

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]dn

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]dns-list 8.8.8.8

[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]dis th

[V200R003C00]

#

ip pool w2

?gateway-list 192.168.2.254

?network 192.168.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0

?lease day 2 hour 0 minute 0

?dns-list 8.8.8.8

#

return

接口开启DHCP服务：
[Huawei-ip-pool-w2]int g0/0/1

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dh

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp se

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select g

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select global

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis th

[V200R003C00]

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

?ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0

?dhcp select global

#

return

都配置完毕后，我们查看地址池：