[系统运维]Docker安装MySQL8.0

环境

1. CentOS 7
2. Docker 20.10.12
3. MySQL8.0

本文可能解决的问题

• ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock’ (2);
• ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation ALTER USER failed for ‘root’@’%’;
• 2003 - Can’t connect to MySQL server on ‘101.201.225.143’(10060 “Unknown error”) ;
• curl: (56) Recv failure: Connection reset by peer.
• docker run -d 后容器停止.
  
  
  
  

安装步骤

1. 镜像拉取

docker pull mysql:8.0

2. 在宿主机创建放置mysql的配置文件目录、数据目录和日志目录，并且进行授权

mkdir -p /mydata/mysql/conf /mydata/mysql/data /mydata/mysql/log
chmod -R 755 /mydata/mysql/

3. 创建MySQL配置文件

注：该配置文件可解决这个错误 ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock’ (2)。

vim /mydata/mysql/conf/my.cnf

添加以下内容到上述创建的配置文件中

[client]
# socket = /mydata/mysql/mysqld.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
# pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
# socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
# datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
# socket = /mydata/mysql/mysqld.sock
# pid-file = /mydata/mysql/mysqld.pid
datadir = /mydata/mysql/data
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_bin
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Custom config should go here
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

4. 创建并启动容器

docker run \
--restart=unless-stopped \
-p 3306:3306 \
--name mysql \
-v /mydata/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /mydata/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /mydata/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.conf \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
-d mysql:8.0

参数说明：

• –restart=unless-stopped ： 可解决执行 docker run -d 后，容器停止的问题；

5. 进入容器

docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

6. 连接数据库

mysql -uroot -p

注意：看到Enter password时，直接回车，否则会出现这样的错误Access denied for user ‘root’@‘localhost’ (using password: YES)

使用数据库

use mysql;

7. 修改访问主机以及密码等，设置为所有主机可访问

① 查看是否运行远程访问；如果root用户的host为localhost ，要远程访问，需要将它改成%

select host,user,plugin from user;

② 将host改为%

update user set host='%' where user ='root';

③ 刷新权限

flush privileges;

④ 更改连接的密码校验方式（mysql_native_password，mysql8.x版本必须使用这种模式，否则navicate无法正确连接）

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';

⑤ 刷新权限

flush privileges;

⑥ 使用Navicat远程连接测试