[系统运维]Jenkins 安装部署

1、安装jdk环境

root@ubuntu-node1:~# cd /usr/local/src/
root@ubuntu-node1:/usr/local/src# tar xf jdk-8u301-linux-x64.tar.gz
root@ubuntu-node1:/usr/local/src# ln -sv /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_301 /usr/local/jdk
root@ubuntu-node1:/usr/local/src# ln -sv /usr/local/jdk/bin/java /usr/bin/

root@ubuntu-node1:~# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

root@ubuntu-node1:~# source /etc/profile
root@ubuntu-node1:~# java -version
java version "1.8.0_301"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_301-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.301-b09, mixed mode)

2、安装jenkins

https://jenkins.io/zh/download/ #官方下载地址
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/debian-stable/ #ubuntu安装包清华源下载地址

2.1 通过deb包安装jenkins

root@ubuntu-node1:~# dpkg -i jenkins_2.332.1_all.deb 
Selecting previously unselected package jenkins.
(Reading database ... 73420 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack jenkins_2.332.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking jenkins (2.332.1) ...
Setting up jenkins (2.332.1) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/jenkins.service → /lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service.
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-21) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.24) ...

2.1.1 启动jenkins

root@ubuntu-node1:~# systemctl start jenkins 
root@ubuntu-node1:~# systemctl enable jenkins

#验证
root@ubuntu-node1:~# ps -aux|grep jenkins
jenkins    1873  0.0  0.1  76620  7608 ?        Ss   11:12   0:00 /lib/systemd/systemd --user
jenkins    1874  0.0  0.0 111908  2556 ?        S    11:12   0:00 (sd-pam)
jenkins    1888  0.0  0.0  20388   184 ?        S    11:12   0:00 /usr/bin/daemon --name=jenkins --inherit --env=JENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins --output=/var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log --pidfile=/var/run/jenkins/jenkins.pid -- /usr/bin/java -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war --webroot=/var/cache/jenkins/war --httpPort=8080
jenkins    1889  5.2 14.1 3559776 567972 ?      Sl   11:12   0:25 /usr/bin/java -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war --webroot=/var/cache/jenkins/war --httpPort=8080
root       2155  0.0  0.0  14428  1024 pts/0    S+   11:20   0:00 grep --color=auto jenkins

root@ubuntu-node1:~# lsof -i:8080 #jenkins默认监听端口
COMMAND  PID    USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
java    1889 jenkins  158u  IPv6  31886      0t0  TCP *:http-alt (LISTEN)

2.1.2 jenkins配置文件

root@ubuntu-node1:~#  grep "^[a-Z]" /etc/default/jenkins
NAME=jenkins
JAVA_ARGS="-Djava.awt.headless=true"
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME/$NAME.pid
JENKINS_USER=$NAME
JENKINS_GROUP=$NAME
JENKINS_WAR=/usr/share/$NAME/$NAME.war
JENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/$NAME
RUN_STANDALONE=true
JENKINS_LOG=/var/log/$NAME/$NAME.log
JENKINS_ENABLE_ACCESS_LOG="no"
MAXOPENFILES=8192
HTTP_PORT=8080
PREFIX=/$NAME
JENKINS_ARGS="--webroot=/var/cache/$NAME/war --httpPort=$HTTP_PORT"

2.1.3 登入web界面

root@ubuntu-node1:~# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
687ecbc29a9343a192ed461bdf1dc0c8

2.1.3.1 jenkins离线问题解决

如果显示jenkins已离线，将以下文件中的更新检查地址改成国内清华大学地址，然后重启jenkins即可：https://mi
rrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/updates/update-center.json

# cat /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml 
<?xml version='1.1' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<sites>
 <site>
   <id>default</id>
   <url>https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/updates/update-center.json</url>
 </site>
</sites>

2.1.4 选择安装jenkins插件

2.1.5 Nginx代理配置

目前jenkins官方服务器在国外，从国内在线安装插件速度非常慢，但是可以通过Nginx进行rewrite，将安装插件
的请求通过清华大学镜像服务器，以实现插件安装加速，配置如下：

#nginx配置文件
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location /download/plugins {
			proxy_set_header Host mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn;
			proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
			proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
			rewrite /download/plugins(.*) /jenkins/plugins/$1 break;
			proxy_pass http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn;
         }

#/etc/hosts文件添加
127.0.0.1 updates.jenkins-ci.org

2.1.6 安装插件过程

2.1.7 查看插件目录

root@ubuntu-node1:~# ll  /var/lib/jenkins/plugins/
total 83644
drwxr-xr-x 88 jenkins jenkins    12288 Mar 14 17:53 ./
drwxr-xr-x 12 jenkins jenkins     4096 Mar 14 17:53 ../
drwxr-xr-x  7 jenkins jenkins     4096 Mar 14 17:50 ace-editor/
-rw-r--r--  1 jenkins jenkins  4279042 Mar 14 17:50 ace-editor.jpi
drwxr-xr-x  4 jenkins jenkins     4096 Mar 14 17:50 ant/
drwxr-xr-x  4 jenkins jenkins     4096 Mar 14 17:48 antisamy-markup-formatter/
-rw-r--r--  1 jenkins jenkins   243792 Mar 14 17:48 antisamy-markup-formatter.jpi
-rw-r--r--  1 jenkins jenkins    84669 Mar 14 17:50 ant.jpi
drwxr-xr-x  4 jenkins jenkins     4096 Mar 14 17:51 apache-httpcomponents-client-4-api/
-rw-r--r--  1 jenkins jenkins  1769549 Mar 14 17:51 apache-httpcomponents-client-4-api.jpi
drwxr-xr-x  6 jenkins jenkins     4096 Mar 14 17:49 bootstrap4-api/
-rw-r--r--  1 jenkins jenkins   537677 Mar 14 17:49 bootstrap4-api.jpi
drwxr-xr-x  6 jenkins jenkins     4096 Mar 14 17:49 bootstrap5-api/
-rw-r--r--  1 jenkins jenkins   481622 Mar 14 17:49 bootstrap5-api.jpi
drwxr-xr-x  4 jenkins jenkins     4096 Mar 14 17:50 bouncycastle-api/
--r--  1 jenkins jenkins   759395 Mar 14 17:48 caffeine-api.jpi

2.1.8 创建账号

2.1.9 实例配置

2.1.10 登入

2.2 通过tomcat启动jenkins

root@ubuntu-node1:/apps# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.50.tar.gz
root@ubuntu-node1:/apps# apt-get install libxrender-dev libxtst-dev -y
#下载war包
root@ubuntu-node1:/apps# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/war/2.332/jenkins.war
#拷贝jenkins到webapps下
root@ubuntu-node1:/apps# cp jenkins.war apache-tomcat-8.5.50/webapps/
#启动tomcat
/apps/apache-tomcat-8.5.50/bin/catalina.sh start

2.2.1 访问web界面

输入地址ip:8080/jenkins

2.3 通过war包直接启动jenkins

java \
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote \
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345 \
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false \
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false \
-Djava.rmi.server.hostname="10.10.100.102" \
-jar jenkins.war &

2.3.1 访问web界面