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6）打补丁
6.1）补丁安装
创建目录
mkdir -p /u01/orasoft/orasoft
scp C:\oracle\软件包\p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip root@192.168.1.63:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0/db_1
scp C:\oracle\软件包\p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip root@192.168.1.52:/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1
scp C:\oracle\软件包\p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip root@192.168.1.61:/u01/app/19c/grid/
scp C:\oracle\软件包\p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip root@192.168.1.52:/u01/app/19c/grid/
scp C:\oracle\软件包\p32545008_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip root@192.168.1.61:/u01/orasoft/orasoft
scp C:\oracle\软件包\p32545008_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip root@192.168.1.63:/u01/orasoft/orasoft
节点1上和节点2
root用户
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0/db_1
rm -rf OPatch
unzip p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
chmod 775 -R OPatch
cd /u01/app/19c/grid/
rm -rf OPatch
unzip p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
chmod 775 -R OPatch
cd /u01/orasoft/orasoft
unzip p32545008_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0/db_1/OPatch
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/orasoft
chmod 777 -R /u01/orasoft
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/orasoft
冲突检查
GI
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory -detail -oh $ORACLE_HOME
GI
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/orasoft/32545008/32545013
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/orasoft/32545008/32579761
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/orasoft/32545008/32576499
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/orasoft/32545008/32584670
DB
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/orasoft/32545008/32545013
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /u01/orasoft/32545008/32579761
6.2）检查空间是否足够
su - grid
vi /tmp/patch_list_gihome.txt
/u01/orasoft/32545008/32545013
/u01/orasoft/32545008/32579761
/u01/orasoft/32545008/32576499
/u01/orasoft/32545008/32584670
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckSystemSpace -phBaseFile /tmp/patch_list_gihome.txt
su - oracle
vi /tmp/patch_list_dbhome.txt
/u01/orasoft/32545008/32545013
/u01/orasoft/32545008/32579761
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckSystemSpace -phBaseFile /tmp/patch_list_dbhome.txt
6.3)冲突分析
root用户
/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008 -analyze
自动opatch root用户
export PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch
opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008
6.4）创建补丁 root用户
/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008
/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008/32545013 -oh /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1
/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008/32579761 -oh /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1
/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008 -oh /u01/app/19c/grid/ ?
/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008 -oh /u01/app/19c/grid/
/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008 -oh /u01/app/19c/grid/
/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008 -oh /u01/app/19c/grid/
/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008/32545013
chmod 660 /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/oui-patch.xml
6.5）将补丁中的sql文件加载到数据库中
oracle用户
sqlplus /nolog
Connect / as sysdba;
startup;
alter pluggable database all open;
quit;
cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
./datapatch -verbose
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
@utlrp.sql
col action_time format a30;
col comments format a30;
select action_time,action,version,comments,bundle_series from dba_registry_history;
[root@node2 ~]# /u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /soft/29708769 -oh /u01/app/19c/grid
? /u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /u01/orasoft/32545008 -oh /u01/app/19c/grid/
回退
/u01/app/19c/grid/OPatch/opatchauto rollback /u01/orasoft/32545008/32545013
安装后检查
[grid@rac01 OPatch]$ ./opatch lspatches
32585572;DBWLM RELEASE UPDATE 19.0.0.0.0 (32585572)
32584670;TOMCAT RELEASE UPDATE 19.0.0.0.0 (32584670)
32579761;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.11.0.0.0 (32579761)
32576499;ACFS RELEASE UPDATE 19.11.0.0.0 (32576499)
32545013;Database Release Update : 19.11.0.0.210420 (32545013)
打补丁的一般流程：
下载补丁并上传到服务器，使用不同的用户解压
停止应用和服务
生产环境一定要备份（停止数据库和集群／备份安装代码／备份数据库）
安装补丁工具opatch
在线打补丁（把数据库停止，但集群一定要打开）
停止数据库是因为担心数据库卡死．
验证补丁
启动应用，测试应用；
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