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.一、安装前的准备
！！！以下操作需要在所有master和node上执行
1.1、关闭selinux，关闭防火墙
1.2、添加hosts解析
192.168.122.160 master
192.168.122.161 node1
192.168.122.162 node2
1.3、关闭swap
swap的作用类似Windows系统下的“虚拟内存”
swapoff -a && sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
1.4、时间同步
yum install -y ntpdate
ntpdate time.windows.com
1.5、调整内核
内核调整,将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
配置系统内核参数使流过网桥的流量也进入iptables/netfilter框架中
echo > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl -p
二、使用kubeadm安装kubernetes集群
2.1、安装kubernetes和docker的yum源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes repo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
enabled=1
EOF
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/
2.2、安装docker kubelet kubeadm kubelectl
yum install docker kubelet kubeadm kubectl -y
2.3、配置国内加速镜像并启动docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://dlbpv56y.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
2.4、启动kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
三、创建kubernetes集群
3.1、初始化集群（master节点执行）
kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.122.160 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.23.4 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
3.2、输出如下内容，根据提示操作即可
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.122.160:6443 --token ekz7cv.5t8w82k1pp8zv00r \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e2022c1ecb0d773ae27ea463232cb1da3325bb329269b668c75836e941efaebe \
--ignore-preflight-errors=Swap,NumCPU
3.3、执行以下内容即可将node节点加入集群
kubeadm join 192.168.122.160:6443 --token ekz7cv.5t8w82k1pp8zv00r \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e2022c1ecb0d773ae27ea463232cb1da3325bb329269b668c75836e941efaebe
3.4、安装网络插件
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
3.5、查看集群状态
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master Ready control-plane,master 16h v1.23.4
node1 Ready <none> 15h v1.23.4
node2 Ready <none> 15h v1.23.4
3.6、测试集群
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/nginx-54b478dd8f-7prdg 1/1 Running 1 100m
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 16h
service/nginx NodePort 10.106.236.18 <none> 8080:31271/TCP 99m
3.6.1、使用curl命令测试
[root@master ~]# curl 10.106.236.18:8080
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
四、token24小时后失效解决方法
4.1、重新生成token
[root@master ~]# kubeadm token create
0w3a92.ijgba9ia0e3scicg
[root@master ~]# kubeadm token list
TOKEN TTL EXPIRES USAGES DESCRIPTION EXTRA GROUPS
0w3a92.ijgba9ia0e3scicg 23h 2019-09-08T22:02:40+08:00 authentication,signing <none> system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
t0ehj8.k4ef3gq0icr3etl0 22h 2019-09-08T20:58:34+08:00 authentication,signing The default bootstrap token generated by 'kubeadm init'. system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
[root@k8s-master ~]# openssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //'
ce07a7f5b259961884c55e3ff8784b1eda6f8b5931e6fa2ab0b30b6a4234c09a
然后加入集群
kubeadm join 192.168.122.160:6443 --token yhns57.4s3y2yll21ew8mta \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ce07a7f5b259961884c55e3ff8784b1eda6f8b5931e6fa2ab0b30b6a4234c09a
五、部署遇到的坑及解决办法
5.1、初始化报错
[kubelet-check] It seems like the kubelet isn't running or healthy.
[kubelet-check] The HTTP call equal to 'curl -sSL http://localhost:10248/healthz' failed with error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz": dial tcp [::1]:10248: connect: connection refused.
[kubelet-check] It seems like the kubelet isn't running or healthy.
[kubelet-check] The HTTP call equal to 'curl -sSL http://localhost:10248/healthz' failed with error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz": dial tcp [::1]:10248: connect: connection refused.
5.2、解决方法
5.2.1、修改docker配置文件
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
...
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
...
5.2.2、重启docker并重新初始化集群
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@master ~]# kubeadm reset -f
[root@master ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.122.160:6443 --token ekz7cv.5t8w82k1pp8zv00r \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e2022c1ecb0d773ae27ea462278cb1da3325aa329269b668c75836e941efaebe
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