一、安装相关软件包

安装相关软件包
打开终端，安装以下软件包

sudo apt install  build-essential
 
sudo apt install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev  
 
sudo apt install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

1.1 运行第二个命令的时候，出现如下错误：

E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

根据提示，输入：

sudo apt-get update

完成后，再次输入第二个命令，就显示成功了。

1.2 运行第三个命令的时候，出现如下错误：

E: Unable to locate package libjasper-dev

参考这个文章，输入：

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install libjasper1 libjasper-dev

1）但是再输入第一个命令的时候，又出现如下：

-bash: add-apt-repository: command not found

参考这个文章，安装包：

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo apt-get update

显示Reading package lists... Done成功了。
2）接着输入第二个命令，显示90 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
3）输入第三个命令，显示：

E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)
E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), is another process using it?

参考这个文章，输入ps -e|grep apt-get释放系统锁，但是什么都没有输出。
再次输入第三个命令，输出done. Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.130ubuntu3.13) ...
4）输入第四个命令，输出：

Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1.5) ...
/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/libcudnn_cnn_infer.so.8 is not a symbolic link

/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/libcudnn_ops_infer.so.8 is not a symbolic link

/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/libcudnn_ops_train.so.8 is not a symbolic link

/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/libcudnn_adv_infer.so.8 is not a symbolic link

/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/libcudnn_cnn_train.so.8 is not a symbolic link

/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/libcudnn.so.8 is not a symbolic link

/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/libcudnn_adv_train.so.8 is not a symbolic link

没什么关系，包已经安装好了的。

二、获取Source

查看Ubuntu版本，可以参考这个连接。
根据对应的版本，从官网下载source包。
下载成功后解压。

三、安装OpenCV

进入解压出来的OpenCV-4.5.5 文件夹，创建一个新文件夹，命名为：build
cd到build里，cd /root/opencv-4.5.5/build
输入：cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
输出：

-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/opencv-4.5.5/build

完成。
4. 输入sudo make
报错，输出：

../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFReadDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteEncodedStrip@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFIsTiled@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFOpen@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFReadEncodedStrip@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFSetField@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteScanline@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFGetField@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFScanlineSize@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFSetWarningHandler@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFSetErrorHandler@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFReadEncodedTile@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFReadRGBATile@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFClose@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFRGBAImageOK@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFClientOpen@LIBTIFF_4.0'
../../lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5.5: undefined reference to `TIFFReadRGBAStrip@LIBTIFF_4.0'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_core.dir/build.make:1350: recipe for target 'bin/opencv_test_core' failed
make[2]: *** [bin/opencv_test_core] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:1197: recipe for target 'modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_core.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_core.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:162: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

4.1 参考这个，重新cmake

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_TBB=ON -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF -D WITH_OPENMP=ON -D ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF ..

然后make -j8，报错，在62%的时候，解决了前面其中一个问题。（看大家都说是在cmake步骤报错，但是我每次cmake都没问题，sudo make就报错。）

Linking CXX static library ../../lib/libopencv_dnn.a
[ 62%] Built target opencv_dnn
Makefile:162: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

4.2 参考这个，再次重新cmake，

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_TBB=ON -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF -D WITH_OPENMP=ON -D ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF -D BUILD_TIFF=ON -D BUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_GTK=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON ..

然后make -j8，报错，在86%的时候，

/root/opencv-4.5.5/samples/cpp/tutorial_code/gapi/doc_snippets/dynamic_graph_snippets.cpp:1:10: fatal error: opencv2/gapi.hpp: No such file or directory
 #include <opencv2/gapi.hpp>
          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/example_tutorial_dynamic_graph_snippets.dir/build.make:62: recipe for target 'samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/example_tutorial_dynamic_graph_snippets.dir/tutorial_code/gapi/doc_snippets/dynamic_graph_snippets.cpp.o' failed
make[2]: *** [samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/example_tutorial_dynamic_graph_snippets.dir/tutorial_code/gapi/doc_snippets/dynamic_graph_snippets.cpp.o] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:10720: recipe for target 'samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/example_tutorial_dynamic_graph_snippets.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/example_tutorial_dynamic_graph_snippets.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....