1、新建 mogoDB存放文件夹
mkdir -p /opt/idhub
2、新建 mogoDB存放文件夹
# 配置文件存放路径 mkdir -p /opt/idhub/mongodb/conf # 日志文件存放路径 mkdir -p /opt/idhub/mongodb/log # 数据库存放路径 mkdir -p /opt/idhub/mongodb/data
3、下载软件mongodb4.0.9
# 官网地址：https://www.mongodb.org/dl/linux # centos7的内核版本是rhel7 $ cd /opt/idhub $ wget http://downloads.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.9.tgz [root@node idhub]# ls mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.9.tgz
4、解压
[root@node idhub]# tar xf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.9.tgz [root@node idhub]# ls mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.9 mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.9.tgz
5、将解压的bin文件复制到 /opt/idhub/mongodb目录下
[root@node idhub]# cp -r mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.9/bin/ /opt/idhub/mongodb/ [root@node idhub]# ll /opt/idhub/mongodb total 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 231 Apr ?7 18:39 bin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root ? 6 Apr ?7 18:37 conf drwxr-xr-x 2 root root ? 6 Apr ?7 18:37 data drwxr-xr-x 2 root root ? 6 Apr ?7 18:37 log
6、设置环境变量
因为 MongoDB 的可执行文件位于 bin 目录下，所以可以将其添加到 PATH 路径中，此后，在所有的路径下可以直接使用 MongoDB 的命令：
方法一：修改 .bashrc文件（推荐）
[root@node ~]# cd ~ [root@node ~]# vim .bash_profile # 将 export PATH=$PATH:/opt/idhub/mongodb/bin 加到文件末尾，并重新加载配置文件 # .bash_profile ? # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then ? ? ? . ~/.bashrc fi ? # User specific environment and startup programs ? PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin ? export PATH stty erase ^H ? export PATH=$PATH:/opt/idhub/mongodb/bin [root@node ~]# source .bash_profile
方法二： 如果没有权限修改 .bashrc文件，则为 /opt/idhub/mongodb/bin 创建软链接
ln -s /opt/idhub/mongodb/bin/* /usr/local/bin
7、创建配置文件
logappend=true # 日志输出方式，日志append而不是overwrite
authorization: enabled # 开启了安全验证
vim /opt/idhub/mongodb/conf/mongod.conf
# mongod.conf ? # for documentation of all options, see: # ? http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/ ? # where to write logging data. systemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /opt/idhub/mongodb/log/mongod.log ? # Where and how to store data. storage: dbPath: /opt/idhub/mongodb/data/ journal: ? enabled: true ? # how the process runs processManagement: fork: true ?# fork and run in background pidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid ?# location of pidfile timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo ? # network interfaces net: port: 27017 bindIp: 0.0.0.0 ? # 启用认证 security: authorization: enabled
8、启动mongoDB
# 关闭 mongod -f /opt/idhub/mongodb/conf/mongod.conf --shutdown # 启动 mongod -f /opt/idhub/mongodb/conf/mongod.conf
在虚拟机中，启动过程中可能会遇到报错：
[root@node conf]# mongod -f /opt/idhub/mongodb/conf/mongod.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 34586 ERROR: child process failed, exited with error number 1 To see additional information in this output, start without the "--fork" option. # 查看mongo日志 [root@node log]# cat mongod.log 2022-04-08T09:17:55.842+0800 I CONTROL [main] Automatically disabling TLS 1.0, to force-enable TLS 1.0 specify --sslDisabledProtocols 'none' 2022-04-08T09:17:55.865+0800 I CONTROL [main] ERROR: Cannot write pid file to /var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid: Unknown error [root@node log]# cd /var/run/mongodb -bash: cd: /var/run/mongodb: No such file or directory # 由此看出，虚拟机中不存在路径： /var/run/mongodb [root@node log]# sudo mkdir -p /var/run/mongodb/ [root@node log]# chmod -R 777 /var/run/mongodb # 启动成功 [root@node log]# mongod -f /opt/idhub/mongodb/conf/mongod.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 35564 child process started successfully, parent exiting
9、登录，创建用户
[root@node conf]# mongo
MongoDB shell version v4.0.9
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("335545dc-3794-443e-9bb5-248b13528cd9") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.9
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.createUser({user: "root", pwd: "123456", roles: [{role: "root", db: "admin"}]})
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "root",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "root",
"db" : "admin"
}
]
}
> db.createUser({user: "vagrant", pwd: "123456", roles: [{role: "dbOwner", db: "idis_lhs"},{role: "dbOwner", db: "TelCount"}]})
2022-04-08T10:58:03.841+0800 E QUERY ? [js] Error: couldn't add user: command createUser requires authentication :
_getErrorWithCode@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:25:13
DB.prototype.createUser@src/mongo/shell/db.js:1491:15
@(shell):1:1
> exit;
[root@node2 conf]# mongo
MongoDB shell version v4.0.9
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("d13c7279-f9f0-45b8-b351-b8ac7a332d31") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.9
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.auth('root','123456')
1
> show dbs
admin ? 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local ? 0.000GB
> use local
switched to db local
> show collections
startup_log
> db.startup_log.find()
{ "_id" : "node-1649380223999", "hostname" : "node", "startTime" : ISODate("2022-04-08T01:10:23Z"), "startTimeLocal" : "Fri Apr 8 09:10:23.999", ....}
10、mongoDB数据库备份与恢复
备份整个数据库 $ sudo mongodump -u root -p 123456 --out /handle-pass/bfmongo 还原整个数据库 mongorestore -u root -p 123456 /handle-pass/bfmongo ? 导出单张表 mongoexport -h 10.255.250.24 -u root -p 123456 -d user -c user_info --authenticationDatabase admin -o /root/handleBak/user_info.json
