connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream
报错
Nginx代理Vue项目，访问基于Flask搭建的后台时，一直报出访问路径错误。查看Nginx错误日志，发现报错是connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream。
$ cat /var/log/nginx/error.log
2022/04/26 17:46:26 [error] 1593845#1593845: *1 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 192.168.110.245, server: , request: "POST /api/user/login/ HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:5000//user/login/", host: "192.168.110.228", referrer: "http://192.168.110.228/"
原因
原因是在安装flask的时候，使用时是apt安装的，而不是pip3进行安装的。
$ sudo apt install python3-flask
$ flask run -h 0.0.0.0 -p 5000
解决方案
卸载掉python3-flask。
$ sudo apt remove python3-flask
使用pip3安装flask。
$ pip3 install flask
WARNING: The script flask is installed in '/data2/jing.w/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
# 如果安装flask之后, 路径不在Path中, 使用软链接
$ sudo ln -s /data2/jing.w/.local/bin/flask /usr/bin/flask
