[系统运维]redhat服务器更换为centos yum源

请看完全篇文章在决定是否参考该文章

1. 卸载原有的yum

# 查看是有安装了yum
rpm -qa|grep yum
# 卸载原有的yum
rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

2. 找一个自己喜欢的目录新建checkYum.sh(文件名随意)
   该文件主要是下载yum源需要的内容并且安装yum

#!/bin/bash
# 7.9.2009 对应的centos的版本号
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh /pkg/yum-*

3. 下载响应的repo源文件

# 建议先将该目录下的文件进行备份
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# 该命令也可以写到上一步的文件中一起下载
# 如果写到文件中可以使用  wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

4. 修改CentOS-Base.repo文件内容
   4.1. 下载后的源文件

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

4.2. 修改后的文件,将所有的$releasever更改为自己下载.rpm文件对应的版本
eg: 我自己: http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-169.el7.centos.noarch.rpm；我这里下载的是7.9.2009的所以将$releasever更改为7.9.2009，其他的不需要更改

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Base - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Updates - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Extras - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

5. 更新

yum clean all && yum makecache

6. 查看是否更新成功

yum repolist all

7. 以上命令可以完全写到一个统一shell脚本中

rpm -qa | grep yun | xargs rpm -e --nodeps
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh /pkg/yum-*
# 下载repo源文件
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
# 统一将$releasever更改为指定的版本
sed -i "s/\$releasever/7.9.2009/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum clean all && yum makecache
yum repolist all

以上使用的redhat版本为redhat7.5，请根据自己的版本进行更改