[系统运维]使用nginx处理的一些安全漏洞

1、响应头缺失

HTTP X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies 响应头缺失

Nginx的nginx.conf中location下配置:

add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies value;

HTTP Referrer-Policy 响应头缺失

Nginx的nginx.conf中location下配置:

add_header 'Referrer-Policy' 'origin';

HTTP X-Content-Type-Options 响应头缺失

Nginx的nginx.conf中location下配置:

add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;

HTTP X-Download-Options 响应头缺失

Nginx的nginx.conf中location下配置:

add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;

HTTP Content-Security-Policy 响应头缺失

Nginx的nginx.conf中location下配置:

add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self' * 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval' blob: data: ;";

点击劫持：缺少 X-Frame-Options 头

Nginx的nginx.conf中location下配置:

add_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;

HTTP X-XSS-Protection 响应头缺失

Nginx的nginx.conf中location下配置:

add_header X-XSS-Protection 1;

2、set-cookies 属性缺失

set-Cookie 没有设置 secure 、HttpOnly属性

nginx.conf location 根据项目路径配置（实际就是把/替换为/; Secure; HttpOnly）

proxy_cookie_path / "/; Secure; HttpOnly";

负载也会产生一条set-cookies信息，upstream route后加上Secure HttpOnly

    upstream portal{
          sticky path=/hh name=hh_route Secure HttpOnly;

3、CSRF跨站域请求伪造攻击

控制referer来源，例如非192.168.41网段地址返回403错误

nginx.conf server 下配置

    valid_referers none server_names 192.168.41.*;

        if ($invalid_referer) {
            return 403;
        }

4、不安全的http请求方式漏洞

例如只允许get post请求，其他返回403

nginx.conf location 添加

        if ($request_method !~* GET|POST) {
        return 403;
        }

?5、版本号信息隐藏

nginx版本号信息隐藏

nginx.conf http 添加

server_tokens off;

应用服务版本号信息隐藏

?

nginx.conf location 设置

proxy_hide_header aas-version;

?6、请求头控制web访问

例如只允许手机访问，则请求头Windows、Macintosh，直接返回404

nginx location 配置

        set $flag 0;
        if ($http_user_agent ~* "Windows" ) {
            set $flag "1";
        }
        if ($http_user_agent ~* "Macintosh" ) {
            set $flag "1";
        }
        if ($flag = "1"){
            return 404;
        }