[系统运维]带你三分钟学会httpd服务，及基本配置

1、使用httpd的前提

设置防火墙状态：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl disable firewalld
 注意：systemctl start/restart/enable/disable/stop/status/reload的区别

设置selinuxs安全上下文

[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

查看状态：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status httpd | less

Aug 31 03:35:09 localhost.localdomain httpd[7374]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message

#httpd：无法使用localhost.localdomain可靠地确定服务器的完全限定域名。 全局设置“ServerName”指令以禁止显示此消息

排错：

? 编辑httpd的主配置文件：vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

? 将ServerName 改成0.0.0.0:80

? 重启服务

? 看状态显示正常

测试：

? 在客户端：curl http://ip地址，curl -I可以查看http报文信息

? 通过浏览器访问http://ip地址

例如：
1.安装httpd，并将访问apache服务器的首页修改为hello.html, 且内容为: “My Home Page is hello”

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl stop firewalld.service 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/httpd/conf
[root@localhost conf]# ls
httpd.conf  magic
[root@localhost conf]# vim httpd.conf 
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex home.html
</IfModule>
[root@localhost conf]# echo "My Home Page is hello" > /var/www/html/home.html
[root@localhost conf]# systemctl restart httpd.service 

2.虚拟主机：虚拟两台主机ip为100,200, 对应访问目录：/www/ip/100, /www/ip/200
并创建首页文件index.html

[root@localhost conf.d]# mkdir /www/ip/{100,200} -p
[root@localhost conf.d]# nmcli c mo ens160 +ipv4.addresses 192.168.189.100/24
[root@localhost conf.d]# nmcli c mo ens160 +ipv4.addresses 192.168.189.200/24
[root@localhost conf.d]# echo 100 > /www/ip/100/index.html
[root@localhost conf.d]# echo 200 > /www/ip/200/index.html
[root@localhost conf.d]# vim myhosts.conf
<Directory /www/ip>
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
</Directory>
<VirtualHost 192.168.189.100:80>
        DocumentRoot "/www/ip/100"
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.189.200:80>
        DocumentRoot "/www/ip/200"
</VirtualHost>

[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd

3.配置不同端口的虚拟主机访问apache服务器

[root@localhost conf.d]# vim myhosts.conf
<Directory /www/ip>
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
</Directory>
Listen 9999
Listen 10000
<VirtualHost 192.168.189.100:9999>
        DocumentRoot "/www/ip/100"
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.189.200:10000>
        DocumentRoot "/www/ip/200"
</VirtualHost>
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd