部署ansible架构：
ansible主机和3台受控节点，使用普通用户student进行测试 ansible all -m ping
安装yum源
root@ansible ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@ansible yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *
[root@ansible yum.repos.d]# dnf -y install centos-release-ansible-29-1- 2.el8.noarch
[root@ansible yum.repos.d]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@ansible yum.repos.d]# dnf list all|grep ansible
root@ansible yum.repos.d]# dnf -y install centos-release-ansible-29-1-2.el8.noarch
Complete!
[root@ansible yum.repos.d]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ |grep ansible
[root@ansible yum.repos.d]# dnf -y install ansible
Complete!
查看ansible版本
[root@ansible yum.repos.d]# ansible --version
ansible 2.9.27
config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ansible
executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
python version = 3.6.8 (default, Apr 16 2020, 01:36:27) [GCC 8.3.1 20191121 (Red Hat 8.3.1-5)]
通过使用setup模块验证localhost上的ansible_python_version
[root@ansible yum.repos.d]# ansible -m setup localhost | grep ansible_pyt
"ansible_python": {
"ansible_python_version": "3.6.8",
配置/etc/hosts
在ansible节点vim /etc/hosts
[root@ansible ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.112.134 ansible.example.com ansible
192.168.112.129 node1.example.com node1
192.168.112.133 node2.example.com node2
192.168.112.131 node3.example.com node3
配置ssh的基于密钥认证
在ansible节点执行ssh-keygen命令，一直回车
[root@ansible ~]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:sxbYts5uWA2Nv4Fd1VgCxIQLndNOzk4NwRi6/ckz7hc root@ansible.example.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
| ..@=o.+.|
| ..* * o..|
| .+ B + |
| oooo * . |
| . S*.+ |
| .o==o..E |
| o+ o* . |
| .+. .. o. |
| o+ .o. |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@ansible ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node1
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'node1 (192.168.112.129)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:9R1NHSXR+IVDNA5kzG4oMCd8+SYV9V3lZ9q+Ryle/lE.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@node1's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@node1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[root@ansible ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node2
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'node2 (192.168.112.133)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nyR/cR6LpvgNZwUji0OSFEHahZN+E3yIESfWDTjoi9c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@node2's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@node2'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[root@ansible ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node3
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'node3 (192.168.112.131)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:Du+5ve7y+/kK9kBqXL7U3jKuAeyxogDYJ4TrgXtdfM0.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@node3's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@node3'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
将ansible本地的/etc/hosts文件发送给受控主机
[root@ansible ~]# scp /etc/hosts root@node1:/etc/hosts
hosts 100% 326 138.8KB/s 00:00
[root@ansible ~]# scp /etc/hosts root@node2:/etc/hosts
hosts 100% 326 151.2KB/s 00:00
[root@ansible ~]# scp /etc/hosts root@node3:/etc/hosts
hosts 100% 326 123.6KB/s 00:00
验证能不能链接到node1、node2、node3
[root@ansible ~]# ssh root@node1
Last login: Thu Oct 20 14:19:32 2022 from 192.168.112.1
[root@node1 ~]# exit
logout
Connection to node1 closed.
[root@ansible ~]# ssh root@node2
Last login: Thu Oct 20 14:19:57 2022 from 192.168.112.1
[root@node2 ~]# exit
logout
Connection to node2 closed.
[root@ansible ~]# ssh root@node3
Last login: Thu Oct 20 14:20:40 2022 from 192.168.112.1
[root@node3 ~]# exit
logout
Connection to node3 closed.
在ansible主机和所有受控主机中创建student用户，并设置密码为redhat
[root@ansible ~]# useradd student
[root@ansible ~]# echo redhat | passwd --stdin student
Changing password for user student.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
root@node1 ~]# useradd student
[root@node1 ~]# echo redhat | passwd --stdin student
Changing password for user student.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@node2 ~]# echo redhat | passwd --stdin student
Changing password for user student.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@node3 ~]# useradd student
[root@node3 ~]# echo redhat | passwd --stdin student
Changing password for user student.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
使用student用户创建基于密钥认证
[student@ansible ~]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/student/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/student/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/student/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:lHG+wNZeGVRgy1E1/VmtiGblim+vnLia9L2NoLuwxPM student@ansible.example.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
| . ..*+oo+|
| . * o.= =|
| * o+=. .+|
| o o+oo ...|
| S+o. |
| . . . |
| = . .. |
| . * + =o+ |
| . E++oB+o |
+----[SHA256]-----+
发送到node1、node2、node3的root用户
[student@ansible ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node1
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'node1 (192.168.112.129)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:9R1NHSXR+IVDNA5kzG4oMCd8+SYV9V3lZ9q+Ryle/lE.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@node1's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@node1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[student@ansible ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node2
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'node2 (192.168.112.133)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nyR/cR6LpvgNZwUji0OSFEHahZN+E3yIESfWDTjoi9c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@node2's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@node2'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[student@ansible ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node3
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'node3 (192.168.112.131)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:Du+5ve7y+/kK9kBqXL7U3jKuAeyxogDYJ4TrgXtdfM0.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@node3's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@node3'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
发送到node1、node2、node3的student用户
[student@ansible ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub student@node1
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
student@node1's password:
Permission denied, please try again.
student@node1's password:
Permission denied, please try again.
student@node1's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'student@node1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[student@ansible ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub student@node2
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
student@node2's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'student@node2'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[student@ansible ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub student@node3
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
student@node3's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'student@node3'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
验证
[student@ansible ~]$ mkdir ansible
[student@ansible ~]$ cd ansible/
[student@ansible ansible]$ ls
[student@ansible ansible]$ cp /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg .
[student@ansible ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg
[student@ansible ansible]$ vim ansible.cfg
inventory = /home/student/ansible/inventory
列一个清单
[student@ansible ansible]$ cat inventory
node1
node2
node3
检测
[student@ansible ansible]$ ansible all -m ping
node1 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
node2 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
node3 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
|